微公益创投的能力堕距及主体治理——来自社区营造试点的证据

Capacity Gap and the Subject Governance in Micro-venture Philanthropy:Experimental Evidence from Community Building

微公益创投作为联结社区内外资源的新型公益资助载体,是撬动社区营造的有力推手。本文从补短板意识出发反向预设“能力堕距”分析框架,选取A新市民社区为样本展开微公益创投如何持续撬动社区营造的在地化分析。研究发现,社区营造试点中微公益创投构建了社区增权赋能机制,但其“1+N+X+党建”模式带来的赋权成效中存在运行机制偏差化、造血机制阻滞性及接替机制悬浮化的增能差距,形成了“能力堕距”现象。“能力堕距”产生的内在逻辑是“新两委”和“老两委”的主体对接冲突及相应的资源联结梗阻和工作承接障碍。为此,有必要在凸显主体治理的基础上,通过提升“新两委”发展活性和内生力弥合增能与赋权之间的张力,从而以微公益创投由扎根到生根撬动新市民社区从共营造到自营造。

Micro-venture philanthropy, as a new carrier of public-welfare funding that links resources inside and outside the community, is a powerful force to leverage community building. Based on an awareness of making up for shortcomings in community-building and by selecting A new citizen community as a sample to carry out a localized analysis of how micro-venture philanthropy can continue to leverage community-building on the ground, this paper suggests a framework to analyze governance gaps. The research founds that micro-venture philanthropy in community building constructs a mechanism of community empowerment and enablement. But there is an enablement paradox whereby the direction is unknown, the identity is not strong, and the degree of participation is not high. However, the “1+N+X+party-building” model promotes the empowerment effect through deviations in the operating mechanism and obstruction of the regulatory mechanism. The internal logic of why the “capacity gap” came into being is the conflict between the “new two committees” and the “old two committees” and the corresponding resource links. To this end, it is necessary to build up the main governance activity and the endogenous power of the community to bridge the empowerment and enablement tensions, to use micro-venture philanthropy to move from co-construction to self-construction, and to leverage the new citizen community to highlight the subject of governance.