河南省市售鸡肉中抗生素残留及大肠埃希菌耐药性研究

Identification of antibiotic residues,antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in retail chicken of He’nan Province

目的了解河南省市场零售环节冰/鲜鸡肉中抗生素残留以及大肠埃希菌抗生素敏感性,为食品风险评估提供数据支持。方法2020年5—11月对河南省零售环节采集的60份冰/鲜鸡肉采用高效液相色谱质谱串联法进行抗生素残留试验;鸡肉中分离的300株大肠埃希菌采用微量肉汤稀释法进行抗生素敏感性试验。结果抗生素残留均未检出。300株大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南(IPM)全部敏感,其余14种抗生素耐药率范围为8%~86.33%,耐药率≥50%的抗生素有:四环素(TET)86.33%(259/300),氨苄西林(AMP)69.00%(207/300),氯霉素(CHL)63.33%(190/300),头孢唑啉(CFZ)50.67%(152/300),萘啶酸(NAL)50.00%(150/300)。多重耐药菌(MDRO)检出率高达81.75%(224/274)。地区间耐药率存在显著性差异(χ^(2)=31.331,P<0.05)。耐药菌谱型分散,以四环素(TET)耐药谱占比最高,为8.39%(23/274)。结论2020年河南省市场零售环节鸡肉中抗生素残留符合相关法规。鸡肉源大肠埃希菌呈现高度耐药,MDRO现象普遍,需加强规范禽类饲养环节抗生素的合理使用。

Objective To understand the antibiotic residues in ice/fresh chicken collected from retail market and the antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli(E.coli)isolated from these chicken in Henan Province.This study will provide data basis for chicken safety risk assessment.Methods A total of 60 ice/fresh chicken were collected from retail market and tested for antibiotic residues by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry tandem method from May to November in 2020 in He’nan Province;Totally,300 E.coli isolates were recovered from these chicken and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by micro-broth dilution method.Results No antibiotic residues were detected in these chicken samples.All the E.coli isolates are susceptible to imipenem.The antibiotic resistant rates of the E.coli isolates to the other 14 antibiotics were from 8%to 86.33%.The antibiotic resistant rate≥50%were:tetracycline 86.33%(259/300),ampicillin 69.00%(207/300),chloramphenicol 63.33%(190/300),cefazolin 50.67(152/300),nalidixic acid 50.00%(150/300).The proportion of multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO)is up to 81.75%(224/274).The antibiotic resistance rates were significant difference among different regions(χ^(2)=31.331,P<0.05).The spectrums of antibiotic resistance of E.coli isolates were scattered,the most popular spectrum was tetracycline(8.39%,23/274).Conclusion The antibiotic residues of retail chicken meet the relevant regulations of China government in He’nan Province.E.coli isolates of chicken showed high resistance to antibiotics,and the MDRO are popular in the tested isolates.It is necessary to strengthen supervision of the antibiotic usage in poultry farm to control the antibiotic resistance production.