基于振动条件下的不同垫圈结构防松性能研究

Study on Anti-Loosening Performance of Different Gasket Structures Based on Vibration

分析了航天某型号用紧固件在不同垫圈结构状态下的防松性能,以M16规格紧固件为研究对象,着重研究了M16紧固件在模拟航天某型号部段实际安装环境下,不同垫圈结构对防松性能以及支撑面摩擦系数、螺纹摩擦系数、预紧力等相关参数的影响及其相应变化的规律。结果表明,在装配条件一致的情况下,垫圈结构不同造成支承面摩擦系数出现较大变化,同时相同安装力矩条件下轴向预紧力出现了极大的差异;NordLock垫圈和双面斜齿垫圈防松性能最好,平垫圈+弹簧垫圈组合虽具有一定的防松能力,但失效的概率大,而平垫圈、HS垫圈防松性能最差。

The anti-loosening performance of fasteners for a certain type of aerospace under different gasket structures is analyzed.Taking the fasteners of M16 specification as the research object,the influence of different gasket structures on the anti-loosening performance,friction coefficient of support surface,friction coefficient of thread and clamp force and the corresponding variation of M16 fasteners under the actual installation environment of a certain type of spaceflight are studied.The results show that:under the same assembly conditions,the coefficient of friction between bearing surface changes greatly due to the different gasket structures,and there is a great difference in the axial clamp force under the same tightening torque.The anti-loosening performance of NordLock gasket and double-sided oblique gear gasket is best.Although the combination of flat gasket and spring gasket has a certain anti-loosening ability,the failure probability is high.However the anti-loosening performance flat gasket and HS gasket is the worst.