2004-2014年河西走廊荒漠化草地生态系统服务价值估算

The valuation of ecosystem service value of desertification grassland from 2004 to 2014 in Hexi Corridor,China

草地是干旱、半干旱区面积占优势的生态系统,在时间尺度上对其进行生态系统服务价值评估是判断区域生态系统处于改善或退化的主要途径。基于野外调查和遥感分类解译划分的河西走廊荒漠化草地基础数据,首次建立了河西走廊不同类型、不同程度荒漠化草地生态系统服务价值计算和修正方案,评估了第三次(2004年)、第四次(2009年)和第五次(2014年)荒漠化监测期河西走廊荒漠化草地生态系统服务价值动态变化及服务价值结构。结果表明:(1)2004—2014年间河西走廊草地荒漠化呈现轻微逆转趋势,荒漠化草地面积由519.7万hm2减少至357.7万hm2;(2)10年间河西走廊荒漠化草地生态系统服务总价值以损失为主,损失量达209亿元;(3)河西走廊荒漠化草地生态系统服务总价值在时空分布、荒漠化类型和程度方面存在显著差异;(4)河西走廊荒漠化草地生态系统服务倾向于气候调节、净化环境和水文调节功能。

Grassland is the dominant ecosystem in arid and semi-arid areas.It is the main way to evaluate the ecosystem service value on time scale to judge whether the region ecosystem is in improvement or degradation.Based on the field survey,remote sensing classification and interpretation method,and the desertification grassland area data of different types and different degrees in Hexi Corridor,this paper established the evaluation standard system of ecosystem service value of different types and different degrees of desertification grassland in Hexi Corridor to evaluate the dynamic changes of ecosystem service value and service structure of desertification grassland in Hexi Corridor during the third(2004),fourth(2009)and fifth(2014)desertification monitoring.The results showed that:(1)The desertification of grassland in Hexi Corridor showed a slight reversal trend from 2004 to 2014,and the area of desertification grassland decreased from 5.197×106hm2to 3.577×106hm2.(2)The total value of desertification grassland ecosystem services in Hexi Corridor was mainly lost,which was up to 20.9 billion yuan.(3)The total value of ecosystem services of desertification grassland in Hexi Corridor was significantly different in terms of spatial and temporal distribution of desertification types and degrees.(4)The ecosystem service functions of desertification grassland ecosystem in Hexi Corridor tended to be climate regulation,environment purification and hydrological regulation.