中国沙区公路风沙危害及防治研究进展

Progress of research on wind-blown sand prevention and control along highways in China

本文聚焦公路风沙问题,回顾了中国沙区公路的发展历程、现状与特点,围绕公路沿线风动力环境、沙害特征、致灾机理、风沙防治措施、防护体系结构组成和防护效益等,系统总结了中国沙区公路风沙防治取得的成果以及存在的问题。针对公路沿线流沙和戈壁地表以及区域自然特征的差异,兼顾风沙防治、绿色廊道建植与景观功效,确保沙区公路防护体系持续稳定和效能发挥,系统梳理了中国沙区公路3种典型风沙防治模式。基于中国公路网络骨架体系日益完善的切实需求和沙区公路安全运营面临的挑战,侧重加强高速公路风沙防治工程技术的提升,提出了中国沙区公路未来的研究重点和发展趋势。

This study focuses on wind-blown sand problems along highways,reviews the development history,current situation and characteristics of highways in sand region,and systematically summarizes wind-blown sand damage and achievements of sand control in China’s sandy highways,according to wind-dynamical environments along highways,sand damage characteristics,disaster-causing mechanisms,wind-blown sand prevention and control measures along highway,structural composition and benefits of sand-control system.Considering that the drifting sands environments on both sides of the highway,gobi surface and the regional differences in natural environments,while taking into account the sand controlling,green corridor construction and landscape efficacy,and ensuring the continuous stability and functional perfection of road protection systems in sandy areas,three representative sand-control mode have been systematically sorted out to ensure the continued stability and functional perfection of the protection system for highways in sandy areas.Based on the practical needs of the increasing improvement of highway network skeleton system and the challenges of safe operation of highways in sandy areas,the focus is on strengthening the engineering and technical foundation of highway windblown sand control and improving the capacity of blown sand hazards control,and condensing and proposing the future research focus and development trend of sandy roads.