基于PLC技术的火龙果智能补光调控器设计与应用

Design and application of intelligent supplemental light controller for pitaya based on PLC technology

【目的】不同植物对光照强度、光质的需求程度不同,本文旨在通过LED灯实时照射实现对植物的智能补光。【方法】针对火龙果Hylocereus undatus生长发育过程充足补光和调节果期的需要,应用新一代可编程控制器(Programmable logic controller,PLC)技术,选择波长570~590 nm的黄色LED灯,本文设计了一套种植火龙果专用的智能补光调控器和相应的数据传输协议,进行硬件选型、电路设计与软件设计,建立了调控策略和远程通信协议,最后在广东省新兴县10666 m^(2)的火龙果农庄进行了实际布署与应用试验。【结果】该调控器能够长时间稳定地通过手动、自动以及远程的方式实现对火龙果的补光,并且数据传输稳定,调控器的响应时间不超过3 s,每次补光4 h。利用该调控器进行火龙果补光调控可以让果实成熟期提前2~4 d,部分果树挂果可以多2~3个,补光后产量提升16.7%。【结论】该装置实现了火龙果的智能补光,经济效益和社会效益提升明显,具有较好的推广前景。

【Objective】Different plants have different requirements for light intensity and light quality.The goal was to achieve intelligent light supplementation for plants through real-time illumination from LED lights.【Method】Aiming at the need for sufficient supplementary light for the growth and development of pitaya(Hylocereus undatus)and regulation of fruit stage,an intelligent regulator specially for light supplementation of pitaya was designed using a new generation of the programmable logic controller(PLC)technology and yellow LED lights with wavelengths of 570−590 nm,and the corresponding data transmission protocol was designed.The hardware selection,circuit design and software design were performed,and control strategy and remote communication protocol were establised.Finally,an actual deployment and application experiment was carried out in a 10666 m2 pitaya farm in Xinxing County of Guangdong Province.【Result】The regulator could achieve stable and long-term light supplementation for pitaya through manual,automatic and remote management,and data transmission was stable and reliable.The response time of the regulator was within 3 s,and light supplementation duration was 4 h.After using the regulator to supplement the light,the fruit ripening stage was advanced by 2−4 d,some pitaya trees bore 2−3 more fruits per tree,the output of pitaya fruit increased by 16.7%.【Conclusion】The device realizes the intelligent supplementary lighting of pitaya.It has obvious economic and social benefits and has a good popularization prospect.