我国技能人才评价制度的历史演进、当下构建及逻辑发展

Historical Evolution,Current Construction and Development Logic of Skilled Talents Evaluation System in China

我国技能人才评价制度主要经历了考工升级、工人考核、职业资格和多元化评价四个发展阶段,单个阶段特有属性明显,整体演进呈现衔接性、发展性、多元性。遵循国家的职业分类,依据常态化修订的职业技能标准,政府管理的技能人才水平评价类职业资格的“一退”,市场化、社会化职业技能等级制度的“一进”,与清单式管理的职业资格目录“一衔接”,辅以专项职业能力考核的“一补充”,初步勾勒出我国新时期职业技能人才评价制度的框架。技能人才评价制度的构建与持续完善是劳动管理领域中一项长远的基本建设,对技能人才的培养、成长、鉴定和使用有着深远影响,在业已形成的框架和基础上,构建符合我国实际、更具科学性的制度体系仍然任重道远。

The development of the skilled talents evaluation system in China has mainly experienced four stages:the examinationpromotion system,the worker-assessment system,the vocational qualification system and the diversified evaluation system.In the process of the development,not only the attributes of the individual stage are obvious,but also the integration,development,and diversification of the overall performance is realized.Following the national occupational classification and revising the skill standards,the“exit”of the government-managed level-evaluation for the vocational qualifications,the“establishment”of the market-oriented and socialized vocational skill level system,the“connection”with vocational qualification system managed by the list of vocational qualifications and the“supplement”of single vocational ability assessment basically show the initial framework of the skilled talents evaluation system in the new era in China.The basic construction and continuous improvement of the skilled talents evaluation system is a long-term infrastructure in the field of labor management.It has a profound impact on the training,growth,evaluation and use of skilled talents and there is still a long way to build a better institutional system.