基于支撑层表面形貌与性质的薄层复合膜结构与性能调控研究进展

Tuning the Structure and Performance of Thin Film Composite Membrane by Adjusting the Surface Morphologies and Properties of Substrate: A Review

纳滤/反渗透膜常通过界面聚合法制备,具有薄层复合结构。为提升薄层复合膜的分离性能,可分别对其分离层、支撑层的结构与性能进行优化。但支撑层与分离层密切相关,支撑层表面形貌与性质将影响分离层的结构与性能。针对上述问题,归纳了支撑层表面形貌与性质对薄层复合膜性能的影响规律,综述了基于支撑层表面形貌与性质调控的薄层复合膜制备研究,发现支撑层表面孔隙率、孔隙密度和粗糙度的增加,表面平均孔径、亲水性的有效调节,表面反应基团的引入都会对复合膜的分离性能产生积极影响;同步精准调控支撑层的表面形貌与性质,可实现高性能薄层复合膜的制备。

Most of the nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes are thin film composite membranes, fabricated by interfacial polymerization. To improve the performance of thin film composite membranes, the structure of the selective layers and substrates are generally optimized. While,selective layers and substrates are closed related to one another. The surface morphologies and properties of the substrate have great effects on the structure and performance of the selective layer. This article reviewed the influences of the surface morphologies and properties of the substrate on the performance of thin film composite membrane and summarized corresponding thin film composite membrane preparation methods. The increase of surface porosity, pore density and roughness, the control of surface pore size and hydrophilicity, and the introduction of reactive groups positively affected the performance of thin film composite membrane. Therefore, accurately adjusting and controlling the surface morphologies and properties of substrates is an alternative way to prepare thin film composite membranes with high performance.