连续静-静脉血液滤过与连续静-静脉血液透析滤过对急性肾损伤患者治疗效果的比较

Comparison of the therapeutic effect of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration versus continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration in patients with acute kidney injury

目的:通过比较连续静-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)与连续静-静脉血液透析滤过(CVVHDF)治疗模式的溶质清除效率、滤器寿命,为临床决策中合理选择连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)治疗模式提供依据。方法:选取2017年7月-2018年12月期间入住ICU需要行CRRT治疗的急性肾损伤患者,随机分组,通过交叉的研究设计,使用相同的处方剂量,分别先行CVVH或CVVHDF治疗,后行CVVHDF或CVVH治疗。比较两种治疗模式在不同时间点(治疗开始后0.5 h,每12 h及下机前),不同分子量溶质(尿素氮、肌酐、β2微球蛋白、胱抑素C)的达成剂量。最后比较两种模式的滤器寿命的差异。结果:CVVH与CVVHDF治疗模式对于小分子溶质的清除效率在各个时间点上均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于中分子溶质,CVVH模式的溶质清除效率优于CVVHDF模式,但仅出现在治疗的12 h时间点(P<0.05)。CVVH治疗模式与CVVHDF模式对于不同分子量溶质的达成剂量在下机前均较前有明显的下降(P<0.01)。CVVHDF模式的滤器寿命显著长于CVVH模式(P<0.01)。结论:CVVH模式与CVVHDF模式对小分子溶质的清除率相近。CVVH对中分子溶质的清除率优势仅出现在治疗后的12 h。而CVVHDF滤器寿命更长,CVVHDF模式是更经济的选择。

Objective:To provide a basis for rational selection of continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)treatment modality in clinical decision-making by comparing the solute removal efficiency and filter life of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration(CVVH)and continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration(CVVHDF).Methods:Patients with acute renal injury who were admitted to ICU and required CRRT were randomly assigned to receive either CVVH or CVVHDF treatment first followed by CVVHDF or CVVH treatment using the same prescribed dose in a crossover study design.The solute clearance efficiency was calculated with the delivered dose of different molecular weight solute(urea nitrogen,creatinine,β2 microglobulin and cystatin C)at various time points(0.5 h after treatment,every 12 h and before treatment ceased).The difference between delivered doses of CVVH and CVVHDF were then compared,as well as the filter life span of the two modalities.Results:There was no significant difference between CVVH and CVVHDF treatment mode in the clearance efficiency of small molecule solute(urea nitrogen and creatinine)at each time point(P>0.05).For medium molecular solutes(β2 microglobulin and cystatin C),the solute clearance efficiency of CVVH was superior than that of CVVHDF,but only exist at the 12 h time point(P<0.05).The delivered doses of CVVH and CVVHDF for different molecular weight solutes all decreased significantly before the circuit change(P<0.01).The filter life of the CVVHDF was significantly longer than that of the CVVH(P<0.01).Conclusion:The CVVH mode and CVVHDF mode have similar clearance efficiency for small molecule solutes.The advantage of CVVH for medium molecular solutes clearance only occurs at 12 h after treatment initiation.The CVVHDF filter has a longer life and CVVHDF is a more economical choice.