输尿管结石术后发生输尿管狭窄的机制及相关危险因素分析

Review of the mechanisms and associated risk factors in the development of ureteral stricture after ureteral calculi surgery

输尿管结石是泌尿外科常见多发病,绝大多数输尿管结石均可通过腔内治疗解决,而输尿管狭窄是腔镜手术后一种较为严重的晚期并发症,几乎无法完全避免,狭窄可引起患侧肾盂积水,甚至肾功能的不可逆损伤等问题。输尿管结石术后发生输尿管狭窄的机制目前尚不清楚,其相关危险因素也未完全阐明。在这篇综述中,我们尝试通过阅读梳理目前相关临床证据,总结并探讨输尿管结石术后发生输尿管狭窄的可能相关危险因素及机制,为预防和减少腔内治疗结石术后输尿管狭窄提供参考。

Urolithiasis is one of the most common diseases in urology,and endoscopic lithotripsy is usually performed as an effective treatment of ureteral stones.However,ureteral stricture is one of the most serious complications after endoscopic lithotripsy,which can lead to hydronephrosis and irreversible renal function impairment.The mechanism of ureteral stricture after ureteroscopic surgery is still unrevealed,and the relevant risk factors have not been fully elucidated.In this review,we reviewed the current clinical evidence,summarized the risk factors and mechanism of ureteral stricture after ureteroscopic lithotripsy,trying to provide useful information for urologists in evaluating the risks of postoperative ureteral stricture and to reduce or avoid this complication in the future.