槟榔芋萌发早期的营养物质及激素水平变化研究

Changes of Nutrient and Hormone Levels in Areca Taro at Early Germination Stage

为探究槟榔芋苯点部位萌发早期的营养物质与激素水平变化规律,以槟榔芋为研究对象,测定不同发芽程度槟榔芋芽点部位淀粉、蛋白质、水分等营养物质含量的变化,并基于低场核磁共振(LF-NMR)技术探究槟榔芋萌发早期的水分迁移分布状况,同时测定脱落酸(ABA)及赤霉素(GA_(3))等激素水平的变化。结果表明,距球茎顶端越远,发芽槟榔芋的淀粉含量越高;发芽程度越高,芋头球茎顶端蛋白质含量越低;3种发芽长度槟榔芋距球茎顶端2 cm处的水分含量最低;经过低场核磁共振检测发现,越靠近芋头球茎中心,水分活跃度越高,且随着槟榔芋萌芽长度的增加,结合水逐渐向半结合水转变;核磁共振成像结果显示,短芽芋头含水率最高,长芽芋头最低;短芽及中芽芋头的3个部位(块茎、芽、根须)中根须部位ABA含量最高,而长芽芋头3个部位的ABA含量均无显著差异(P>0.05);短芽芋头的GA_(3)含量在3个部位无显著差异(P>0.05),中芽及长芽芋头芽部位GA_(3)含量最高。本研究结果为探索槟榔芋休眠及贮藏后的萌发规律提供了理论支持。

In order to explore the changes of nutrients and hormones in the early germination stage of areca taro,different germination degrees of areca taro were used as the object of this study.The starch,protein,water content,and water migration in different parts of areca taro with different germination degrees were measured,and the distribution of moisture migration of early areca taro germination was explored based on low field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF-NMR)technology.The levels of abscisic acid(ABA)and gibberellin(GA_(3))were also measured.The results showed that the farther away from the top of the corm,the higher the starch content of the germinated acera taro,and the higher the degree of germination,the lower the protein content at the top of the taro corm.The water content of germination length of areca taro was the lowest at 2 cm from the top of corm.The results of LF-NMR showed that the closer to the center of taro corm,the higher the water activity was,and with the increase of acera germination length,the bound water gradually changed to semi-bound water.The nuclear magnetic resonance imaging showed that the moisture content of short bud taro was the highest and that of long bud taro was the lowest.The content of ABA of root in short bud and middle bud taro three parts(tuber,bud and root)was the highest,while that in long bud taro parts had no significant change(P>0.05).The GA_(3)content of short bud taro had no significant change in three parts(P>0.05),while the GA_(3)content of medium bud and long bud taro bud was the highest.The results of this study provide theoretical support for exploring the dormancy and germination behavior of areca taro after storage.