辅助生殖技术对子代表观遗传影响的研究进展

Research progress on the effects of assisted reproductive technology to offspring epigenetics

辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)是治疗不孕症的有效方法,但其安全性值得关注。控制性促排卵作用于卵母细胞印记基因完成重编程的时期,胚胎的体外培养作用于印记基因去甲基化的敏感时期。卵胞质内单精子注射(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)操作会影响基因组、印记基因广泛擦除、印记重建及维持。配子及胚胎冷冻可能会导致基因表达紊乱,印记基因疾病发生的风险增加。ART过程中的非生理性操作是否会影响胚胎的表观遗传调控程序并进一步遗传给下一代,需要进一步探索,本文就ART对子代表观遗传的影响进行综述。

Although assisted reproductive technology(ART)is an effective method for infertility treatment,its safety deserves great attention.Controlled ovulation stimulation is carried out in the period when the oocyte imprinting gene completes reprogramming,and the in vitro culture of the embryo acts on the sensitive period of imprinting gene demethylation.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)operation will affect the genome,imprinting gene extensive erasure,imprinting reconstruction and maintenance.Gamete and embryo freezing may lead to gene expression disorder,and increase the risk of imprinting genetic diseases.Whether the non-physiological manipulation in ART process will affect the embryos epigenetic regulation program and be further inherited to the next generation needs further investigation.This article reviewed the effects of ART on the epigenetic inheritance of offspring.