数据中心复合冷源制冷系统的运行控制研究

Operation Control of Data Center Cooling System with Multi-cooling Sources

数据中心制冷系统的任务是及时排除机房热量,避免设备过热宕机,造成经济损失或安全问题。提高稳定性和高效性是数据中心制冷系统优化设计和控制的重点任务。利用自然冷源与机械制冷系统进行联合制冷是实现数据中心节能减排主要途径之一,但自然冷源的不稳定性以及冷源之间运行控制的困难,制约着复合冷源制冷系统的高效性和稳定性。从数据中心的冷负荷特征出发探讨自然冷源应用的可行性,并结合自然冷源在数据中心的应用现状,对复合冷源制冷系统的运行控制研究进展进行分析。分析结果指出,模式切换是复合冷源制冷系统运行的主要控制环节之一,应从负荷侧需求的变化情况及冷源侧的实际制冷能力匹配出发,动态评估运行模式的可靠性及切换的必要性,同时优化不同模式下的运行参数,以提高系统运行效率和稳定性。

The function of the data center cooling system is to remove the indoor heat timely to avoid overheating and downtime of IT equipment to reduce the risk of economic loss or safety problems.It is significant to keep the stable and efficient operation of the cooling system visa optimal design and control.For energy saving and emission reduction of data centers,multi-source cooling system composed of free cooling source and mechanical refrigeration systems is one of the effective ways.However,the instability of free cooling and the difficulty of operation control between multi-source cooling systems are limiting the efficiency and stability of the composite cooling system.The cooling load characteristics of data center are expounded to investigate the application feasibility of free cooling,as well as the operation control of the composite cooling system.From literature review,it shows that operation mode switching is one of the main control function of the composite cooling system.The reliability of operation mode and the necessity of switching should be evaluated dynamically based on the change of load demand and the actual cooling capacity of cooling system.The operating parameters under different modes should also be optimized to improve the efficiency and stability of the whole cooling systems.