主被动式结合的乡村公共活动空间设计研究——以2020年Active House Award中国区竞赛一获奖方案为例

Design of Rural Public Spaces Based on the Combination of Passive and Active Strategy:Analysis of a Winning Plan of the 2020 Active House Award China Competition

“主动式”与“被动式”并非背道而驰的概念,其均为建筑适应气候的手段,同时也是未来绿色建筑发展的重要方向之一。以2020年Active House Award中国赛区一参赛获奖作品为例,探讨基于被动式设计策略和主动式技术相结合的乡村公共活动空间设计方式,试图探索一种提升乡村公共空间舒适性的绿色路径。运用实地调研法和软件模拟法,从通风、采光、太阳能技术等设计角度为方案中乡村公共活动空间的设计提供了宜人的室内外环境。使新建的公共活动中心在建筑文化、空间、生态节能等方面具有地域特色,提高了使用人群在乡村中的生活品质,且对当地的环境及文化资源形成最低限度的影响。

“Active House”and“Passive House”are not contradicted concepts to each other,because both of them are means of adapting architecture to climate,which is also one of the important directions for developing green buildings in the future.An awarded scheme in 2020 Active House Award China Competition is analyzed to explore the design of rural public spaces combining both passive design strategy and active technology,exploring a green path to enhance the comfort of rural public spaces.The methods of field research and software simulation were adopted to provide a pleasant indoor and outdoor environment for the design of rural public space from the perspective of ventilation,lighting,and solar technology,so as to make the new rural public spaces will be full of local characteristics in architectural culture,space,ecological and energy saving conditions,and improve the quality of life for users in rural areas with minimal impact on the local environment and cultural resources.