过渡季节自由运行工况下超低能耗建筑的热环境实测研究

Thermal Environment of Ultra-low Energy Buildings under Free Running Condition in Transitional Season

自由运行状态是指建筑无冷热源设备运行以及无机械通风,此运行方式下建筑热环境主要影响因素为室外气温,获知自由运行状态下超低能耗建筑的热响应特性对于超低能耗技术优化具有重要意义。选取中原地区一栋典型的超低能耗建筑为研究对象,定性分析了超低能耗建筑所蕴含的各项被动式技术;通过连续实测的方式定量研究过渡季节自由运行状态下该建筑的热响应特性。结果表明,在室外温度波动范围为3.8~29.2℃时,室内温度为16.9~23.4℃,相对湿度为33.6%~52.1%;同时,中庭设计可有效加强自然通风效果,场馆内风速在0.3~0.8 m/s之间的区域占比较大,风速从中心向四周呈逐渐增大趋势。所得结论可为寒冷地区超低能耗建筑的设计推广提供理论支撑。

Free running state refers to the operation of buildings without cold and heat source equipment and mechanical ventilation.The main influencing factor of the building’s thermal environment in this operating mode is the outdoor air temperature.Obtaining the thermal response characteristics of ultra-low energy consumption buildings under free running state is of great significance to the optimization of ultra-low energy consumption technology.A typical ultra-low energy-consumption building in the Central Plains region was selected as the research object,passive technologies contained in buildings were qualitatively analyzed.Thermal response characteristics of the building under natural ventilation in the transitional season are quantitatively studied through continuous measurement.The results show that when the outdoor temperature fluctuates in the range of 3.8~29.2℃,the indoor temperature is 16.9~23.4℃and the indoor relative humidity fluctuates between 33.6%~52.1%.Meanwhile,the design of the atrium can effectively enhance the effect of natural ventilation.The area with wind speed between 0.3~0.8 m/s in the venue accounts for a large proportion,and the wind speed gradually increases from the center to the surrounding area.Conclusions obtained can provide theoretical support for the design and promotion of ultra-low energy buildings in cold areas.