老人的饥荒经历对家庭消费结构的影响

The influence of the elderly's famine experience on family consumption structure

1959~1961年全国范围爆发了粮食危机,居民度过了一段物质匮乏的时期。此次经历改变了人们对风险的认知。文章以三年大饥荒作为一次外生冲击,探讨了饥荒经历对居民消费观及消费结构的影响,发现经历过饥荒的居民有较强的预防动机,倾向通过“低消费高储蓄”来获得安全感,并且随着饥荒严重程度的升高,非理性的预防动机越强。不仅如此,饥荒经历还会影响居民的消费结构,加深家庭对农业的依赖,农业支出占比较高,教育及娱乐支出占比较低。

In 1959~1961,a nationwide food crisis broke out,and the population survived a period of material deprivation.This experience has changed people's perception of risk and has had a profound impact on people.Taking the three years of famine as an exogenous shock,we explore the impact of famine experience on residents'consumption concept and consumption structure.We find that people who experienced famine have strong prevention motivation,and tend to obtain security through low consumption and high savings.And with the increase of famine severity,this irrational prevention motivation becomes stronger.In addition,the experience of famine also affects the consumption structure of residents and deepens the family's dependence on agriculture,which accounts for a high proportion of agricultural expenditure and a low proportion of education and entertainment expenditure.