勃洛克诗歌中浪漫曲体裁的变异

The variation of romance genre in Blok’s poetry

浪漫曲是俄罗斯民间文学中的一种常见体裁,在其发展过程中与俄罗斯诗歌积极互动,彼此丰富,共同发展。文章在阐述浪漫曲的概念及其特点的基础上,揭示浪漫曲体裁在20世纪之前俄罗斯文学中的发展特点,并以勃洛克的诗歌为例,分析20世纪初俄罗斯诗人对民间文学诗学的吸收和创造性运用。浪漫曲体裁在勃洛克诗歌中的变异主要表现为三方面:(1)赋予浪漫曲传统的主题、情节和形象新的时代特征和象征性意义,并借助细节表现人物心理,揭示“可怕世界”的残酷现实和世纪之交社会转型时期的人格异化;(2)在浪漫曲中融入象征、隐喻、暗示、联想等象征主义表现手法,有效提升了诗歌的艺术表现力和感染力;(3)将浪漫曲与多种民间文学体裁进行“混搭”,进一步扩大了传统体裁的能产性和艺术张力。

Romance is a common genre in Russian folk literature,which actively interacts with Russian poetry during the development,enriching and developing together with each other.On the basis of expounding the concept and characteristics of romance,the article reveals the development characteristics of the romance genre in Russian literature before the 20th century and takes Alexandre Blok’s poetry as an example to analyze the absorption and creative use of folklore poetics by Russian poets in the early 20th century.The variation of romance genre in Blok’s poetry is mainly manifested in three aspects:(1)endowing the traditional themes,plots and images of romance with new contemporary characteristics and symbolic significance,expressing the psychology of characters with the help of details,revealing the cruel reality of the“terrible world”and the personality alienation during the social transformation period at the turn of the century;(2)incorporating symbolism,metaphor,allusion,association and other symbolic expressions into romance,which effectively enhances the artistic expressiveness and infectiousness of poetry;(3)the“mash-up”of romance with various folklore genres further expands the productivity and artistic tension of traditional genres.