不同药剂处理对番茄生长状况及品质的影响

Effects of different chemical treatments on growth and quality of tomatoes

为控制番茄徒长、提高番茄品质,以京采8号为试验材料,使用基质栽培,分别在番茄定植后20 d、第1花穗期和第3花穗期施用ρ(多效唑)=1333 mg/L、ρ(烯效唑)=2000 mg/L、ρ(螯合硅)=333 mg/L、ρ(螯合钙)=333 mg/L,以不施药剂为对照。结果表明:与对照相比,施药处理使番茄株高、叶面积增长受到抑制,使茎粗增大、叶绿素SPAD值增加;各处理叶片的蒸腾速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度均有所提高,植株根系活力有所增强;而施药处理的叶片净光合速率和果实产量有所下降。根部施1次螯合硅+叶面喷施1次多效唑+叶面喷施2次螯合硅、根部施1次螯合钙+叶面喷施1次多效唑+叶面喷施2次螯合钙处理提升了果实品质,果实维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量均有所增长。

In order to control tomato overgrowth and improve tomato quality,Jingcai No.8 was used as the experimental material and cultivated with substrate.ρ(paclobutrazol)=1,333 mg/L,ρ(uniconazole)=2,000 mg/L,ρ(chelated silicon)=333 mg/L andρ(chelated calcium)=333 mg/L were applied at 20 days after colonization,the first anthesis and the third anthesis respectively,with tomato of no medicament as the control.The results show that compared to the control,the growth of plant height and leaf area was inhibited,the stem diameter was increased and the chlorophyll SPAD value was increased;while the transpiration rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration and stomatal conductance of leaves were increased,and the root activity was enhanced.However,the net photosynthetic rate of leaves and fruit yield decreased.The contents of vitamin C,soluble sugar and soluble solids of fruits treated increased with 1-time chelating silicon at the root+1-time paclobutrazol on the leaves+2-time chelating silicon on the leaves,and 1-time chelating calcium at the root+1-time paclobutrazol on the leaves+2-time chelating calcium on the leaves,and the quality improved.