干细胞在皮肤抗衰老中的应用

Application of stem cells to skin anti-aging

背景:由于皮肤衰老的必然性,以及人们生活水平提高所致的皮肤衰老受到了更多的重视,因此带来抗衰老领域强烈的市场需求及研究需求。目的:综述皮肤衰老及干细胞用于皮肤抗衰老的研究进展,为干细胞相关皮肤抗衰老的应用及研究提供理论依据。方法:检索PubMed及中国知网数据库2016年11月至2021年11月关于皮肤衰老及干细胞相关皮肤抗衰的文献,排除陈旧以及重复的观点,将检索到的文献进行整理,共纳入91篇文献来进行分析。结果与结论:①皮肤衰老主要表现在皮肤出现皱纹、弹性降低、表皮变薄;皮肤衰老的因素包括内源性因素及外源性因素,以及皮肤衰老的机制包括表皮干细胞增殖及分化平衡的改变、氧化应激等,文章重点描述了衰老皮肤中表皮干细胞的变化,包括细胞内DNA损伤、活性氧增高;细胞增殖与分化减少,不对称及对称分裂平衡改变;生态微环境的改变;干细胞-免疫细胞信号传导异常;②文章介绍了间充质干细胞及干细胞衍生物在皮肤抗衰老中的研究应用,如在动物实验中皮下注射干细胞或其衍生物,通过观察真皮厚度、氧化应激及弹性纤维等,表明干细胞及其衍生物在皮肤抗衰老中的作用;③上述研究证明了干细胞相关皮肤抗衰老的有效性,具体抗衰老机制包括促进细胞增殖、降低活性氧水平及调节基因表达等。

BACKGROUND:Due to the inevitability of skin aging,the increasing attention paid to skin aging induced by the improvement of living standard.These have brought strong market demand and research demand in the field of anti-aging.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of skin aging and the application of stem cells to skin anti-aging,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application and research of stem cells-related skin anti-aging.METHODS:The articles about skin aging and skin anti-aging related to stem cells published from November 2016 to November 2021 were retrieved on PubMed and CNKI.Old and repetitive views were excluded and the retrieved articles were organized.A total of 91 articles were included for analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The manifestations of skin aging were summarized,such as wrinkles,decreased elasticity,and thinning of epidermis.We summarized the factors of skin aging including endogenous and exogenous factors,as well as the mechanisms of skin aging including the change of proliferation and differentiation balance of epidermal stem cells,oxidative stress.We focused on the changes of epidermal stem cells in aging skin,including intracellular DNA damage and increased reactive oxygen species;proliferation and differentiation decreased,asymmetry and symmetrical division balance changed;changes in the ecological microenvironment;stem cell-immune cell signaling abnormalities.(2)The research and application of mesenchymal stem cells and stem cell derivatives in skin anti-aging are introduced,for example,subcutaneous injection of stem cells or their derivatives in animal experiments indicates the role of stem cells and their derivatives in skin anti-aging by observing the thickness of dermis,oxidative stress and elastic fibers.(3)The above studies have proven the effectiveness of stem cell-related skin anti-aging,with the specific mechanisms including:increasing cell proliferation,reducing reactive oxygen species level,and regulating gene expression.