云南某高硫低品位铅锌矿工艺矿物学研究

Process Mineralogy Research of a High Sulfur and Low Grade Lead-zinc Ore in Yunnan

云南某高硫铅锌矿是现采矿区下部发现的新矿体,为确定合理的开发工艺流程,采用化学分析、显微镜观测、MLA分析等方法对矿石进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究。结果表明:①矿石中有价元素主要为Pb、Zn、Fe和S,含量分别为3.20%、3.04%、26.36%和30.84%,属于高硫低品位铅锌矿石;②矿石组成复杂,约有26种组成矿物,有用矿物主要为黄铁矿、方铅矿和铁闪锌矿,脉石矿物主要为石英、高岭石和蒙脱石等;③矿石具稠密浸染构造、块状构造、脉状构造,矿物主要具包含结构、自形—半自形—他形粒状结构、乳浊结构、内部解理结构等;④主要矿物嵌布特征复杂,黄铁矿、方铅矿和铁闪锌矿共生关系紧密,且相互包裹现象明显。矿石中矿物嵌布关系复杂,同时有用矿物含量差异大,这是不利于矿物分选的主要因素之一。推荐的选别流程为铅硫等可浮选+铅硫分离—锌硫等可浮选+锌硫分离。

A high sulfur lead-zinc deposit in Yunnan is a new orebody found in the lower part of the present mining area.In order to determine the reasonable development process,the process mineralogy of the lead-zinc deposit was studied by means of chemical analysis,microscope observation and MLA analysis.The results showed that:①The valuable elements in the ores are mainly Pb,Zn,Fe and S,with contents of 3.20%,3.04%,26.36%and 30.84%,respectively,which belongs to high-sulfur and low-grade lead-zinc ore.②The ore composition is complex and consist of about 26 kinds of constituent minerals.The useful minerals are mainly pyrite,galena and marmatite,and the gangue minerals are mainly quartz,kaolinite and montmorillonite.③The ore has dense disseminated structure,massive structure and vein-like structure,and the mineral mainly has inclusion structure,euhedral—semieuhedral—allohedral granular structure,opacities structure,internal cleavage structure and so on.④The embedded characteristics of the main minerals are complex.Pyrite,galena and marmatite have close symbiosis relationship and are obviously wrapped each other.It is one of the main factors unfavorable to mineral separation that the distribution of minerals in ores is complicated and the content of useful minerals varies greatly.The recommended test flow is lead and sulfur iso-flotation+lead and sulfur separation—zinc and sulfur iso-flotation+zinc and sulfur separation.