女性乳腺癌患者社会疏离特征及预测指标的研究

Characteristics and Predictors of Social Isolation in Female Breast Cancer Patients

目的探究女性乳腺癌患者社会疏离的潜在类别,并分析女性乳腺癌患者社会疏离的预测指标。方法采用便利抽样法选取2021年5—11月西安市3所三级甲等医院女性乳腺癌患者300例作为研究对象,采用社交焦虑量表、社交回避量表、孤独感量表调查患者的社会疏离状况,同时应用一般资料调查表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表进行调查。基于潜在剖面分析对社会疏离进行类别分析,并采用有序多分类Logistic回归分析探索不同类别间的区分指标。结果女性乳腺癌患者社会疏离特征可分为3种类别,分别命名为“高症状组”、“中等症状组”和“低症状组”,占比依次为11.6%、46.4%、42.0%。睡眠质量(OR=1.121,P=0.016)、手术(OR=8.063,P=0.010)、放疗(OR=8.385,P=0.017)是高症状组的预测指标。家庭人均月收入较低(OR=2.101,P=0.034)、手术(OR=4.072,P<0.001)、化疗(OR=3.059,P=0.005)是中等症状组的预测指标。结论女性乳腺癌患者社会疏离水平可分为3个类别。“高症状组”的睡眠质量较差,手术、放疗是其重要预测因素;“中等症状组”的家庭人均月收入较低,手术、化疗是其独立预测因素。医护人员应根据女性乳腺癌患者社会疏离的不同分类特征,给予针对性的靶向干预。

Objective To explore the potential categories of social isolation in female breast cancer patients and to analyze the predictors of social isolation in female breast cancer patients.Methods Using convenience sampling method,300 female breast cancer patients from 3 tertiary grade A hospitals in Xi’an from May to November of 2021 were selected.Social Anxiety Scale,Social Avoidance Scale,Loneliness Scale,general data scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale were used to investigate social isolation in the patients.After latent profile analysis,the social isolation was classified,and the ordinal multi-category logistic regression analysis was used to explore the distinguishing indexes among different categories.Results The characteristics of social isolation of female breast cancer patients can be divided into 3 categories:"high symptom group"(11.6%),"middle symptom group"(46.4%)and"low symptom group"(42.0%).Sleep quality(OR=1.121,P=0.016),surgery(OR=8.063,P=0.010)and radiotherapy(OR=8.385,P=0.017)were the predictors of high symptom group.Lower average monthly family income(OR=2.101,P=0.034),operation(OR=4.072,P<0.001),and chemotherapy(OR=3.059,P=0.005)were the predictors of the middle symptom group.Conclusion Social isolation in female breast cancer patients can be divided into 3 categories.Surgery and radiotherapy are important predictors of poor sleep quality in the"high symptom group",while surgery and chemotherapy are independent predictors of low monthly income in the"middle symptom group".Targeted intervention according to different characteristics of social isolation of female breast cancer patients should be considered.