阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者餐后低血压的发生率及影响因素分析

Incidence and influencing factors of postprandial hypotension in patients with OSAHS

目的:通过测量阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者及非OSAHS患者餐后低血压(postprandial hypotension,PPH)的发生率,了解OSAHS患者餐后低血压发生情况及影响因素,为OSAHS患者PPH防治提供依据。方法:通过多导睡眠监测(Polysomnography,PSG)确诊为OSAHS的患者98例,根据AHI分为轻、中、重度组三组,轻度组32例、中度组33例,重度组33例,对照组为非OSAHS患者33例,记录受试者基本资料,比较各组值之间的差异、PPH的发生率及PPH的影响因素。结果:四组患者总PPH发生率对比差异无统计学意义,轻、中度OSAHS组患者早餐PPH发生率与对照组对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),重度OSAHS组早餐PPH发生率与轻度OSAHS及对照组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中、重度OSAHS组早餐PPH发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。AHI、高血压病、糖尿病为PPH的危险因素。结论:PPH发生率随缺氧严重程度增加,高血压、糖尿病、缺氧可能是PPH的危险因素。

Objective:To understand the incidence and factors affecting postprandial hypotension in OSAHS patients and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of PPH in OSAHS patients through measuring incidence of postprandial hypotension(PPH)in patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Method:Ninety-eight patients with OSAHS diagnosed by PSG were divided into mild,moderate and severe groups according to AHI.There were thirty-two cases in mild group,thirty-three cases in moderate group and thirty-three cases in severe group,and another thirty-three cases in control group exclud OSAHS.The general data of subjects were recorded,the differences between four groups,the incidence of PPH and the influencing factors of PPH were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of total PPH among the four groups;the incidence of breakfast PPH in mild and moderate OSAHS group was not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05);the incidence of breakfast PPH in severe OSAHS group was statistically different from that in mild OSAHS and control group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of breakfast PPH between moderate and severe OSAHS group(P>0.05).AHI,hypertension and diabetes were risk factors for PPH.Conclusion:The incidence of PPH increased with the severity of hypoxia.Hypertension,diabetes and hypoxia may be risk factors for PPH.