新时代语境下的“新乡土写作”现状及其未来进路研究

Research on the Current Situation and Future Approach of“New Local Writing”in the Context of the New Era

进入21世纪以来,随着新乡村建设的大规模开展,不断增长的乡村现代体验要求文学必须做出回应,这使得学界关于“新乡土写作”的讨论从未间断。但研究者对何为“新乡土写作”及其该如何发展还没有定论。出现这种状况的原因,一方面是由于学界对当下乡土小说创作庞大、凌乱而又碎片化的写作现状还缺乏深度梳理,另一方面是乡土写作观念没有实现转型,呈现了一种“21世纪的乡村现实与20世纪的乡土创作理念”整体倒挂的局面。“新乡土写作”改写了很多过去的书写命题,使乡土文学在发展中容纳了更多的现代性,它对乡村生产、生活方式与农民精神的描写都已经摆脱了传统乡土叙事的框定,它的很多形态是在过去的写作中没有的,同时也很容易遭遇各种批评和非议。新乡土写作的难点其实不在于“破”,而在于“立”,在乡村性逐渐发生迁移的背景下,要适应它的新特质和“不足”,积极关注它的未来进路。

Since the beginning of the 21st century,with the large-scale development of new rural construction,the ever-increasing growth of rural modern experience has required literature to make the relevant responses and resulted in the continuous academic discussion on“new local writing”.However,researchers have not reached a final consensus on what is“new local writing”and how to develop it.On the one hand,this situation is due to the lack of in-depth analysis of the current large,disorderly and fragmented writing situation of local novels in the academic circles.On the other hand,the concept of local writing has not been transformed,presenting a situation in which“the rural reality of the 21st century and the local creation concept of the 20th century”are completely inverted.“New local writing”has rewritten many past writing propositions,making local literature accommodates more modernity in its development.Its description of rural production,lifestyle and farmers’spirit has got rid of the framework of traditional local narration.It has many forms that have not existed in the past writing with susceptibility to all kinds of doubts and criticism.The difficulty of“new local writing”lies not in“breaking”,but in“establishing”.We should adapt to its new characteristics,overcome the shortcomings and actively pay attention to its future approach.