二硫代焦磷酸酯水性分散体系的制备及其在阻燃粘胶纤维中的应用

Preparation of aqueous dispersion system of bisneopentyl glycol dithiopyrophosphate and its application in flame-retardant viscose fiber

针对二硫代焦磷酸酯(DDPS)阻燃剂粒径大,与粘胶纤维(VF)界面相容性差等问题,以聚氧乙烯醚型非离子表面活性剂为分散剂,通过超细加工制备了DDPS水性分散体系;探究了分散剂结构对DDPS粒径的影响,通过响应面试验方法优化超细化工艺参数;然后将DDPS水性分散体系共混添加到粘胶纺丝原液中,通过湿法纺丝制得阻燃粘胶纤维,探究了纤维的阻燃性能。结果表明:牛酯胺聚氧乙烯醚(TA10)和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚(EL90)复配对DDPS具有较好的协同分散作用;当研磨时间为4 h,研磨转速为1700 r/min,分散剂TA10和EL90质量比为1.2∶1时,DDPS分散体系粒径中值为0.310μm;DDPS在阻燃粘胶原液中分布均匀,且不影响粘胶原液的可纺性;与VF相比,当DDPS质量分数为20%时,阻燃粘胶纤维热释放速率峰值下降了18.8%,极限氧指数从19%升高到31.31%。

To decrease the particle size of bisneopentyl glycol dithiopyrophosphate(DDPS),and improve the interface compatibility with viscose fibers(VF),the DDPS aqueous dispersion was prepared using non-ionic polyoxyethylene ether dispersants through an ultra-fine processing technology.The influence of dispersant structure on the particle size of DDPS was explored,the response surface method was used to optimize the ultra-fine process parameters.The DDPS aqueous dispersion was then blended into viscose spinning dope,and flame-retardant viscose fibers were prepared through the wet spinning process.The flame-retardant properties of the fibers were explored.The results show that the combination of tallow amine polyoxyethylene ether(TA10)and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether(EL90)has better synergistic dispersion effect for DDPS.With 4 h grinding time,1700 r/min grinding speed,and 1.2∶1 mass ratio of TA10 to EL90,the median particle size of the DDPS dispersion system is 0.310μm.The DDPS is evenly distributed in the flame-retardant viscose spinning dope and does not affect the spinnability of viscose collagen solution.Compared to VF,the peak heat release rate of flame-retardant viscose fibers decreases by 18.8%and the limiting oxygen index increases from 19%to 31.31%when DDPS is 20%.