三明治复合材料机械结构分析

Mechanical structure analysis of sandwich composites

轻量化与高刚度一直是结构设计的研究热点,对钢材与碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,CFRP)三明治机械结构进行研究,通过对同体积三明治复合结构板(45-CFRP-45)及金属板(45钢)进行有限元分析及弯曲试验,结果表明三明治复合结构的刚度高于传统金属结构的刚度。基于三明治复合结构的刚度好、质量轻的特点,以小型复合加工机床横梁为原模型,建立CFRP三明治复合材料结构横梁。根据原横梁的分析结果,利用有限元软件中多目标遗传算法(MOGA)对CFRP三明治复合材料结构横梁进行优化。最后对优化后的CFRP三明治复合材料结构横梁进行验证。研究结果表明CFRP三明治复合材料结构在保证轻量化的前提下,能够提高机械结构的静态与动态性能。

Lightweight and high stiffness have always been the research focus of structural design.Steel and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP)sandwich mechanical structure was studied.Through the finite element analysis and bending test of sandwich composite structural plate(45-CFRP-45)and metal plate(45),the results show that the stiffness of sandwich composite structure is higher than that of traditional metal structure.Based on the characteristics of good stiffness and light weight of sandwich composite structure,the beam of CFRP sandwich composite structure was established by taking the beam of small composite processing machine as the original model.According to the analysis results of the original beam,the Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm(MOGA)in the finite element software was used to optimize the beam of CFRP sandwich composite structure.Finally,the optimized beam of CFRP sandwich composite structure was verified.The results show that CFRP sandwich composite structure can improve the static and dynamic performance of mechanical structure on the premise of lightweight.