针对减振器弹簧座的轻量化优化设计与研究

Optimal design and research on lightweight of shock absorber spring seat

以新能源汽车减振器弹簧座为研究对象,对复杂的钣金冲压件进行轻量化优化设计。基于变密度法对其进行拓扑优化设计,以其结构柔度最小为设计目标、以其质量为约束条件、以其各单元密度为设计变量进行拓扑优化设计,通过拓扑优化减重约为20%;针对拓扑优化减重孔基于响应面法进行多目标优化设计,建立响应面模型并进行灵敏度分析,合理确定设计变量的取值范围,以质量最小、应变最小及变形最小为目标函数对其进行多目标优化,相较于拓扑优化后模型减重约为15%。将拓扑优化与多目标优化相结合,对拓扑优化结果进行多目标优化设计,进一步提高了零/部件轻量化效果,且保证零/部件的设计要求,对复杂零/部件的深度轻量化优化设计研究具有指导意义。

Taking the new energy vehicle shock absorber spring seat as the research object,lightweight optimization design of the complex sheet metal stamping parts was carried out.The topology optimization design was carried out based on the variable density method.The minimum structure flexibility was taken as the design objective,the mass was taken as the constraint condition,and the density of each element was taken as the design variable.The weight was reduced by about 20%through the topology optimization.For the topology optimization weight reduction hole,multi-objective optimization design based on response surface method was carried out,the response surface model was set up to carry out sensitivity analysis,the scope of design variables were reasonably determined,the minimum mass,the minimum deformation and displacement were taken as the objective of multi-objective optimization,compared with topology optimization,the model weight loss was about 15%.Topology optimization and multi-objective optimization were combined to carry out multi-objective optimization design on the results of topology optimization,which further improved the lightweight effect of parts and ensured the design requirements of parts.It has guiding significance for the in-depth lightweight optimization design research of complex parts.