从主观化视角论现代汉语词缀“老”

On the Affix"Lao"in Modern Chinese from the Perspective of Subjectivity

现代汉语词缀“老”可出现在名词性、动词性及形容词性语素前,三种语素前的“老”具有同一性。“老”的本义指“年老、年长”,但后来这种客观意义逐渐弱化,主观性增强,并且增加了明显的感情色彩,获得推理性的主观意义。从主观化视角出发,基于结构的重新分析和主观性识解,解释词缀“老”语义演变中的主观性,将“老”定性为主观表达词缀更能说明语言使用者的主观能动性对语言的影响。

The affix"Lao"in modern Chinese can appear before nominal,verbal and adjective morphemes.The"Lao"before the three morphemes has identity.The original meaning of"Lao"refers to"old in age",but later,this objective meaning gradually weakened,and the subjectivity increased,and increased the obvious emotional color to obtain the inferential subjective meaning.From the subjective perspective,based on the structural re analysis and subjective interpretation,this paper explains the subjectivity in the semantic evolution of the affix"Lao",and characterizes"Lao"as a subjective expression affix,which can better explain the impact of the subjective initiative of language users on language.