从地理故乡到精神家园--以路遥、陈忠实、贾平凹为例

From Geographical Hometown to Spiritual Homeland——A Case Study of Lu Yao,Cheng Zhongshi and Jia Pingwa

地理故乡是作家文学想象的生命现场和精神家园的皈依之所。采取文学空间的视角,从地理故乡与创作主体之间的地缘性关系、地域文化与文学景观之间的想象性关系、文学寻根与精神家园之间的皈依关系三个层次,探讨路遥、陈忠实、贾平凹的地理故乡、文学故乡、精神家园三者之间的关联和升华。从地理故乡到精神家园呈现出作家对生命意义的终极追寻。抗争与悲悯互渗的底层关怀是路遥作品中最具个人化的表现;历史与道德互参的史诗化追求是陈忠实文学创作的艺术表述;审视与忧患共存的文士情怀是贾平凹民族化的审美探索。在返乡书写的过程里文学成为故乡记忆的修复与重建,通过艺术的形式构建了具有哲学意义的精神家园。

Geographical hometown is the life scene and spiritual homeland of the writer’s literary imagination.A case study of Lu Yao,Chen Zhongshi and Jia Pingwa,from the perspective of literary space,this paper explores the relationship between geographical hometown and creative subject,the imaginative relationship between regional culture and literary landscape,and the conversion relationship between literary root-seeking and spiritual homeland.This paper discusses the connection and transcendence among the geographical hometown,literary hometown and spiritual homeland in the works of Lu Yao,Chen Zhongshi and Jia Pingwa.We can discover the ultimate pursuit of the meaning of life of the author,from the geographical hometown to spiritual home.What the most personal expression in Lu Yao’s works is the bottom-level concern of mutual infiltration of resistance and compassion.The epic pursuit of the interplay between history and morality,which is the artistic expression of the literary creation of Chen Zhongshi.At the same time,self examination’s coexisting with suffering consciousness of the feelings of the ancient scholar bureaucrat,that is the aesthetic exploration of nationalization of Jia Pingwa.In the process of returning home to write,literature becomes the repair and reconstruction of hometown memory,and constructs a spiritual home with philosophical significance through the form of art.