西夏语谓词趋向前缀的连用型

Double Directional Prefixes of Tangut Predicatives

西夏文献中偶见谓词前面有连用两个趋向前缀的例子。在这种情况下,原来表趋向兼表体式的前缀就只具有单一的意义。连用的两个前缀可以理解为“趋向+体式”和“体式+趋向”两种组合,前者至少包括一个祈愿式前缀,后者则由两个完成体前缀构成,第一个表示完成,第二个表示趋向。“趋向+体式”的结构与现代羌语类似。

A few examples concerning double directional prefixes are occasionally found in Tangut literature.In such cases,a prefix with its original meaning of both direction and aspect proves to have only one single meaning.The combining forms of two prefixes may be explained as“direction-aspect”and“aspect-direction”structures,in which the former consists of at least one prefix of jussive mood,and the latter consists of two perfective ones,the first one representing the perfection and the second one representing the direction.The structure of“direction-aspect”is similar to that in modern Qiangic language.