从上海图书馆东馆设计看全球图书馆建筑发展趋势

The Design of Shanghai Library East:A Reflection on Global Trend of Library Architecture

从20世纪90年代开始全球掀起“图书馆复兴”的热潮,涌现出一批又一批新建及修建的图书馆,其中不乏标志性景观建筑。与此同时,全球图书馆事业经历了从“以书为本”向“以人为本”的转型时期。20多年的“图书馆复兴”见证了图书馆建设逐渐趋向理性、回归本源的过程,“以人为本”设计正成为主导图书馆建设的指导思想。在“图书馆复兴”时代脱颖而出的上海图书馆东馆,无论外形设计还是内容呈现,都堪称是里程碑式的世界级作品。本文把上海图书馆东馆放在过去20多年全球图书馆建设的大背景下加以考察,聚焦回归、转型和合作3个主题,从重观赏到重使用、从书为主体到人为主体和从建筑师的作品到建筑师与用户共创的作品3个方面,对上海图书馆东馆建筑特色及其对图书馆设计领域的影响做一个深入的比较和分析。

There has been a global“Library Rejuvenation”since the 1990s,and a number of new libraries are emerging or being rebuilt,many of which are iconic buildings.At the same time,library has gone through a period of transition from book-oriented to people-oriented.The past 20 years of“Library Rejuvenation”has witnessed how the library architecture is becoming increasingly rational and returning to its origin.“People-oriented”is now the guiding ideology behind the library architecture.Shanghai Library East,which stands out in the era of“Library Rejuvenation”,is truly a piece of world-class work in both appearance and function.This paper examines Shanghai Library East in the context of global library construction over the past two decades,focusing on three themes,namely,return,transformation and cooperation.It elaborates how the library design has evolved from emphasis on aesthetic look to emphasis on function,from book-oriented to people-oriented,and from an architect’s work to a collaborative work between architect and users.By making such an in-depth comparison and analysis of the architectural features of Shanghai Library East,the paper demonstrates its influence on the field of library design.