2016—2020年天津市滨海新区食源性疾病监测结果分析

Analysis on surveillance results of foodborne diseases in Tianjin Binhai New Area from 2016-2020

目的分析天津市滨海新区食源性疾病的流行特征,为食源性疾病的预防和控制提供参考依据。方法对2016—2020年天津市滨海新区食源性疾病的病例信息、特定致病菌检测结果、可疑食品种类及发生场所进行分析。结果滨海新区共监测9677例食源性疾病病例,男性发病率低于女性,<6岁年龄组发病率最高(18.81/万)。2016—2020年食源性疾病发病率有先升高再降低的趋势,发病高峰期集中在5—10月;2020年沙门菌检出率最高(10.23%),副溶血性弧菌检出率最低(0.33%);沙门菌第一、二季度检出率较高,副溶血性弧菌在第三、四季度检出率高。监测病例的可疑食品种类及来源场所分别为肉与肉制品(1810条)多来源于餐馆饭店(514条)、水果类及其制品(1581条)多来源于零售/农贸市场(872条)、水产动物及其制品(1464条)多来源于农贸市场(636条)。沙门菌感染病例的可疑食品种类主要为水果类及其制品(22.90%)、肉与肉制品(14.50%),来源场所多为家庭(43.51%);副溶血性弧菌感染病例的可疑食品种类多为水产动物及其制品(43.59%),来源多为餐馆饭店(1.28%)。结论滨海新区食源性疾病发病率2017年以后有降低趋势,各季度沙门菌、副溶血性弧菌检出率受北方居民饮食影响。病原学检测阳性病例的可疑食品种类及来源场所与监测病例不同,食源性疾病的预防控制工作需关注初级农产品的致病菌抽检。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Tianjin Binhai New Area,provide reference for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods The data of foodborne diseases cases,test results of specific pathogenic bacteria,types of suspicious food and places of occurrence in Tianjin Binhai New Area from 2016-2020 were analyzed.Results Totally 9677 cases of foodborne diseases were monitored in Tianjin Binhai New Area.The incidence rate was lower in men than in women.The incidence rate in<6 age group was the highest(18.81/10000).The incidence of foodborne diseases rose first and then fell from 2016 to 2020,the peak season appeared May to October.In 2020,the detection rate of Salmonella was the highest(10.23%),while the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the lowest(0.33%).The detection rate of Salmonella was higher in the first and second quarter,but that of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was higher in the third and fourth quarters.The types and sources of suspicious food of monitored cases were meat and meat products(1810 items)mostly from restaurants and restaurants(514 items),fruits and their products(1581 items)mostly from retail/agricultural markets(872 items),aquatic animals and their products(1464 items)mostly from vegetable markets(636 items).The suspected food types of Salmonella infection cases were mainly fruits and their products(22.90%),meat and meat products(14.50%),and almost from families(43.51%).The suspected food types of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection cases were mainly aquatic animals and their products(43.59%),and almost from restaurants(1.28%).Conclusions The incidence of foodborne diseases in Tianjin Binhai New Area has been decreasing since 2017,and the detection rate of Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in each quarter is influenced by the diet of the residents in the north.The food types and places of the positive cases in etiological detection are different from those of the surveillance cases,and the prevention and control of foodborne diseases should pay attention to the sampling inspection of pathogens in primary agricultural products.