教科书如何建构国家形象?——基于国外实证研究的再研究

How to Construct the National Image in Textbooks?——A Study Based on Foreign Empirical Research

在全球化的背景下,国家越发意识到形象建设的重要性。教科书作为重要的文化工具,在国家形象建构上扮演着重要角色。国外对教科书中的国家形象建构做了诸多实证研究。本文根据识别、筛选、合格和纳入系统筛选了55篇代表性文献,采用文本分析法将文献中的国家形象建构分为三个部分,力求揭示教科书建构国家形象的基本维度。国家形象建构的意识基础体现在历史叙事、集体记忆与集体认同的关系中;国家形象的框架结构包含时空逻辑与二元秩序;国家形象的实践策略包含神话建设、多重叙述与话语修饰。这些发现,能为我国教科书的国家形象建构提供有益启示。

In times of globalization, insights into the projects of national image are becoming increasingly important. As a significant cultural tool, textbooks play an important role in national image construction. Many empirical studies have been conducted abroad on the construction of the national image in textbooks. This research divided the national image construction into three parts through a systematic literature review and textual analysis of 55 studies, striving to uncover the basic dimensions of textbooks’ construction of national image. The conscious basis for the construction of national image is embodied in the relationship among historical narrative, collective memory and collective identity. The frame structure of national image includes space-time logic and binary order. The practical strategies of national image include myth construction, multiple narrations and discourse modification. Combined with the above findings, this research further provided enlightenment for the construction of the national image of China’s textbooks.