916例2型糖尿病患者牙周健康调查及影响因素分析

Periodontal health survey and analysis of influencing factors in 916 patients with type 2 diabetes

目的:调查上海市第六人民医院内分泌科就诊的2型糖尿病患者的牙周健康状况,探讨相关影响因素,为针对性地开展区域内2型糖尿病患者的牙周病防治工作提供流行病学依据。方法:对2018年11月—2018年12月间至上海市第六人民医院内分泌科就诊的2型糖尿病患者进行牙周检查以及问卷调查。牙周检查参考WHO推荐的《口腔健康调查基本方法》中的检查标准,对指数牙的相关牙周指标进行检查和计分,包括探诊深度、探诊出血、临床附着丧失、牙石指数、菌斑指数等。通过问卷调查获取社会人口学信息、糖尿病史、牙周健康相关行为等信息。采用SPSS 22.0软件包进行数据统计和分析。结果:参与完成调查的916名2型糖尿病受试者中,共有670例牙周炎患者,牙周炎总体患病率为73.14%,牙周炎患者人均缺牙数4.85(颗)。糖尿病患者较高的年龄、较长的病程及糖尿病并发症是牙周炎的危险因素。随着患者年龄增加、病程延长以及糖尿病相关并发症的出现,糖尿病患者牙周炎的患病率显著上升(P<0.05)。结论:2型糖尿病患者的牙周健康情况不容乐观,牙周炎的早期预防和治疗极为关键,需要关注高龄、长期病程的糖尿病患者的牙周健康状况,并对该人群开展针对的口腔预防保健。

PURPOSE: To investigate the periodontal health status of type 2 diabetes patients in the Endocrinology Department of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, to explore relevant influencing factors of chronic periodontitis, so as to pro-vide epidemiological basis for targeted prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: Periodontal examination and questionnaire survey of patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the Endocrinology Department of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital from November 2018 to December 2018 were conducted. Cri-teria in "Basic Methods for Oral Health Survey" recommended by WHO was referred to check and score the relevant peri-odontal indicators, including probing depth, bleeding on probing, attachment loss, calculus index, plaque index, etc. So-ciodemographic information, diabetes history, periodontal health-related behaviors, and other information were collected through questionnaires. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 916 patients with type 2 diabetes who participated in the survey, 670 patients with periodontitis were detected. The overall prevalence of periodontitis was 73.14%, and the number of missing teeth per capita was 4.85. The age of diabetic patients, the duration of diabetes, and the presence or absence of complications were risk factors for periodontitis. As the patients grew, the du-ration of the disease increased, and diabetes-related complications appeared, the prevalence of periodontitis in patients with diabetes increased significantly(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal health of patients with type 2 diabetes in the surveyed region is not optimistic. Early prevention and treatment of periodontitis is extremely important. It is necessary to pay attention to the periodontal health status of elderly patients with long-term disease and diabetes, and to carry out tar-geted oral prevention and health care work for this population.