丙硫菌唑在6种病害上的应用研究

Study on the Application of Prothioconazole in Six Crop Diseases

[目的]探索丙硫菌唑在国内主要农作物病害上的应用效果。[方法]采用室内生测试验(菌丝生长速率法、叶片法和盆栽法)和田间小区药效试验,研究丙硫菌唑对6种病害的防治效果。[结果]丙硫菌唑对小麦赤霉病菌、大豆锈病病菌、水稻纹枯病菌、黄瓜白粉病菌、黄瓜靶斑病菌和番茄灰霉病菌的EC_(50)分别为16.0753、0.1522、0.7286、5.9297、0.4439、1.2462 mg/L。针对番茄灰霉病,丙硫菌唑在400 mg/L剂量下的防效达80.04%,优于43%氟菌·肟菌酯SC、50%啶酰菌胺WDG、38%唑醚·啶酰菌WDG在同等剂量下的防效;针对大豆锈病,在66.67 mg/L剂量下的防效达91.31%,优于250 g/L嘧菌酯SC在同等剂量下的防效;针对黄瓜白粉病,在150 mg/L剂量下的防效达80.02%,优于29%吡萘·嘧菌酯SC(150 mg/L)、25%乙嘧酚SC(300 mg/L)的防效;针对小麦赤霉病,在150 g/hm^(2)剂量下的防效为85.03%,优于430 g/L戊唑醇SC(200 g/hm^(2))、25%氰烯菌酯SC(450 g/hm^(2))的防效;针对水稻纹枯病,在216 g/hm^(2)剂量下的防效为96.67%,与240 g/L井冈霉素SC(72 g/hm^(2))、75%肟菌·戊唑醇WDG(168.75 g/hm^(2))防效相当。[结论]丙硫菌唑对小麦赤霉病、水稻纹枯病、大豆锈病、黄瓜白粉病、番茄灰霉病均有较好的防治效果,在国内农作物病害的防治上具有很好的应用前景。

[Objective]To explore the application effect of prothioconazole on main crop diseases in China.[Method]A total of 6 main crop diseases were tested for their indoor bioassay by using the method of mycelium growth inhibition,leaf blade,and pot-culture.Field efficacy tests were also carried out.[Result]Prothioconazole showed different bioassay activity against Fusarium graminearum,Phakopsora pachyrhizi,Rhizoctonia solani,Erysiphe cichoracearum,Corynespora cassiicola and Botrytis cinerea with EC_(50) value of 16.0753,0.1522,0.7286,5.9297,0.4439 and 1.2462 mg/L respectively.Compared with fluopyram and trifloxystrobin 43%SC,boscalid 50%WDG,Pyraclostrobin and boscalid 38%WDG,prothionconazole had a better performance against tomato gary mold,which was 80.04%at the same dosage of 400 mg/L.The control effect of prothionconazole to soybean rust was 91.31%at the dose of 66.67 mg/L,which was better than that of pyrimethacrylate 250 g/L SC under the same dose level.Besides,when prothionconazole was used to control cucumber powdery mildew,its field efficacy could reach 80.02%at the dose of 150 mg/L,which was better than that of Isopyrazam and Azoxystrobin 29%SC under the same dosage level and ethirimol 25%SC at 300 mg/L dosage.Prothionconazole had a good performance against Fusarium head blight,of which efficacy reached 85.03%at the dosage of 150 g/hm^(2),better than that of tebuconazole 430 g/L SC at the dose of 200 g/hm^(2)and phenamacril 25%SC at the dose of 450 g/hm^(2).As for rice sheath blight,the control effect of prothioconazole was 96.67%at the dosage of 216 g/hm^(2),which was similar to validamycin 240 g/L SC with the dosage 72 g/hm^(2)and trifloxystrobin and tebuconazole 75%WDG with the dosage 168.75 g/hm^(2).[Conclusion]Prothionazole shows an excellent application prospect in China and it has good performance on tomato gary mold,soybean rust,cucumber powdery mildew,Fusarium head blight and rice sheath blight.