水肥一体化氮肥减量增效研究

Study on Nitrogen Reduction and Efficiency Increase under the Condition of Water Fertilizer Integration

为了明确水肥一体化条件下小白菜常规氮肥追施的节氮潜力,以“上海青”小白菜为试验材料进行氮肥减量增效试验。设置常规基肥+不追氮、常规基肥+常规追氮、常规基肥+追氮减施10%、常规基肥+追氮减施15%、常规基肥+追氮减施20%、常规基肥+追氮减施25%、常规基肥+追氮减施30%7个处理。观测小白菜生长、产量、养分吸收利用情况以及土壤养分状况变化情况。结果表明,适当减氮可以增加小白菜对养分的吸收利用,增加作物产量和肥料利用率,并以减氮25%处理的综合效益最佳。

In order to clarify the nitrogen saving potential of conventional nitrogen topdressing of Chinese cabbage under the condition of water and fertilizer integration,the experiment of nitrogen reduction and efficiency increase was carried out with“Shanghaiqing”Chinese cabbage as the experimental material.Seven treatments were set:conventional base fertilizer+no nitrogen topdressing,conventional base fertilizer+conventional nitrogen topdressing,conventional base fertilizer+nitrogen topdressing by 10%,conventional base fertilizer+nitrogen topdressing by 15%,conventional base fertilizer+nitrogen topdressing by 20%,conventional base fertilizer+nitrogen topdressing by 25%,and conventional base fertilizer+nitrogen topdressing by 30%.The growth,yield,nutrient absorption and utilization of Chinese cabbage and the changes of soil nutrients were observed.The results showed that proper nitrogen reduction could increase the absorption and utilization of nutrients by Chinese cabbage,increase crop yield and fertilizer utilization rate,and the comprehensive benefit of 25%nitrogen reduction was the best.