中国中化MAP生产性服务对农户的增收效应及参与行为研究--来自内蒙古自治区阿鲁科尔沁旗的实证

Study on the Income Increase Effect and Participation Behavior of MAP Productive Services in Sinochem Group-Evidence from Alukeerqin Banner,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

探究龙头企业主导型的农业社会化服务模式对农民收入的影响,让小农户分享农业现代化红利,对增加农民收入,破解中国未来“谁种地”和“如何种地”难题有重要意义。中国中化作为中国农业的“国家队”,在2017年启动了MAP战略,对创新龙头企业主导型的农业社会化服务具有示范作用。以内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁旗作为研究对象,利用倾向得分匹配法分析MAP农业生产性模式对农户收入的影响效应,进一步基于扩展的计划行为理论分析驱动农户参与MAP生产性服务模式的行为因素。基准回归结果显示,参与MAP生产性服务模式可以有效提高农户的农业收入,同时倾向得分匹配法中各匹配方法ATT估计结果表明,相对于采用MAP生产性服务的农户而言,未采用者的农业收入将明显下降2.98万~3.56万元;农户参与MAP生产性服务模式的行为分析结果表明,入社认知会对参与MAP生产性服务模式产生显著的正向影响,而直觉行为和行为态度会对参与MAP生产性服务模式产生显著的负向影响,但MAP模式作用和主观规范并不会对农户参与MAP生产性服务模式产生相关性影响。建议进一步加大MAP生产性服务模式的推广范围和力度,提高农户参与度,从销售端着手建立保障参与农户收入稳定提高的长效机制。

It is of great significance to explore the influence of the leading enterprise-oriented agricultural socialization service mode on farmers’income and let small farmers share the agricultural modernization dividend to increase farmers’income and solve the problem of“who farms and how to farm”in China’s future.As the“national team”of Chinese agriculture,Sinochem Agriculture launched the MAP strategy in 2017,which plays a demonstration role in the socialization of agricultural services led by leading innovation enterprises.In this paper,Alukeerqin Banner of Inner Mongolia was taken as the research object,and propensity score matching method was used to analyze the impact of MAP agricultural production pattern on farmers’income,and the behavioral factors of farmers’participation in MAP productive service pattern were further analyzed based on the extended planned behavior theory.The baseline regression results show that the participation of MAP productive services model can effectively improve the agricultural income of farmers.Meanwhile,the ATT estimation results of the matching methods in the propensity score matching method show that the agricultural income of non-users will significantly decrease by 29,800-35,600 yuan compared with that of farmers using productive services.The behavioral analysis results of farmers’participation in MAP productive service model show that social participation cognition has a significant positive impact on participation in MAP productive service model,while intuitive behavior and behavioral attitude have a significant negative impact on participation in MAP productive service model.However,the effects and subjective norms of MAP productive service model have no influence on the participation of MAP productive service model.In this regard,it is suggested to further expand the scope and intensity of the MAP productive service model,attract more concerned but not involved farmers to participate,and establish a long-term mechanism from the sales end to ensure the stable increase of the income of participating farmers.