围封、放牧、刈割对内蒙古典型草原土壤线虫群落的影响

Effects of Fencing,Grazing and Clipping on Nematode Communities in Typical Steppe of Inner Mongolia

为探讨围封、放牧、刈割对典型草原土壤线虫的影响,本文基于高通量测序确定土壤线虫群落组成,分析不同利用方式下土壤线虫群落差异及其表征的生态学意义。研究结果表明:围封、放牧、刈割处理下的线虫群落结构未呈现显著性差异,但在不同草地利用方式的影响下,土壤线虫在优势营养类群、生态学指数层面表现为有差异性的响应结果;与围封处理相比,放牧和刈割对草地生态系统产生一定干扰作用,这使得土壤线虫连通性和捕食关系有所减弱;刈割使温带典型草原土壤线虫群落的Shannon指数和均匀度指数显著降低,但有利于土壤养分富集。研究结果丰富了草地土壤线虫多样性和群落演变的研究内容,证实土壤线虫所指示的草地生态系统状况随着利用方式的改变而发生变化,为温带典型草原的草地恢复、可持续发展等不同阶段制定科学的草地利用方式提供参考。

To investigate the effects of fencing,grazing,and clipping on soil nematodes in a typical steppe,the composition of the soil nematodes community was determined based on high-throughput sequencing.The differences in soil nematodes community under different utilization methods and their ecological significance were analyzed.The results showed that there were no significant differences in the community structure of soil nematodes under fencing,grazing,and clipping treatments.But there were differences in the response of soil nematodes at the level of dominant nutrient groups and ecological indices under the influence of different grassland utilization modes.Compared with fencing treatment,grazing and clipping had a disturbance effect on the grassland ecosystem.But their soil nematode connectivity and predation relationship were relatively weak.Clipping significantly reduced the Shannon index and evenness index of the soil nematode community,but it was beneficial to soil nutrient enrichment.The results of this study enriched the research contents of soil nematode diversity and community evolution in grassland.It was confirmed that the grassland ecosystem status indicated by soil nematode changed with the change of grassland utilization mode,which provided a reference for the development of scientific utilization mode in typical temperate grassland.