考虑装船设备作业冲突的散货出口码头装船作业调度优化

Ship loading operation scheduling optimization in bulk cargo export terminals considering operation conflicts of loading equipments

针对散货出口码头装船设备作业冲突导致装船作业工艺流程频繁中断的问题,提出一种散货出口码头装船作业调度方法。考虑装船方案、装船设备碰撞以及交叉作业冲突等约束,以最小化最大装船作业完成时间为目标,建立散货出口码头装船作业调度优化的混合整数规划模型。基于该模型特点,设计一种基于启发式逻辑的Benders分解算法求解该模型,首先,将原问题分解为装船方案和装船设备分配的主问题,以及优化装船作业调度的子问题;其次,为克服最优割平面有效性较低的问题,设计启发式策略,使子问题每次迭代产生多个最优割平面并引入主问题中;最后,以某港一、二期散货出口码头为例,通过不同组算例的结果分析,验证了模型和算法的有效性。该方法可有效提高散货出口码头装船作业效率和服务水平。

Aiming at the problem of frequent interruption of loading process due to the operation conflict of loading equipment in bulk cargo export terminal, a scheduling method for loading operation in bulk cargo export terminal was proposed. Considering the constraints of loading scheme, loading equipment collision and cross operation conflict to target minimizing the maximum completion time of loading operation, a mixed integer programming model for loading operation scheduling optimization of bulk cargo export terminal was established. Based on the characteristics of the model, an approach based on heuristic logic-based Benders decomposition algorithm was designed to solve the model. Firstly, the original problem was decomposed into a master problem of allocation scheme of loading plan and loading equipment, as well as an optimizing loading operation scheduling subproblem. Secondly, a heuristic strategy was proposed to produce multiple optimality cuts surface to add the master problem in each iteration in order to overcome the problem of the low efficiency of the optimality cut surface. Finally, taking phase I and II bulk cargo export terminals of a port as an example, by analyzing different sets of experiments, the results show the validity of the model and algorithm, which can effectively improve the efficiency and service level of bulk cargo export terminals.