警察如何应对家庭暴力

How Do Police Respond to Domestic Violence?

针对家庭暴力的控制系统包括私人控制、地方控制和公共控制。当私人控制与地方控制失灵之时,警察作为公共控制中的组成力量,应当认定、介入、干预家庭暴力。警察干预家庭暴力的执法行动天然存在内部阻碍和外部阻碍,集中体现为警察认定家庭暴力过程中的社会文化拘束、执法文化拘束、家庭暴力语词含义拘束,以及警察介入家庭暴力过程中的法源拘束、效率拘束和定罪拘束。基于裁量执法权,警察的执法方案包括咨询建议、告诫、调解、警告、罚款、行政拘留、传唤、隔离当事人、刑事拘留、逮捕等不同强度的干预措施。在确定干预强度时,明尼阿波利斯家庭暴力实验、密尔瓦基家庭暴力实验、家庭危机模型等家庭暴力执法基础理论及干预司法实验值得借鉴。我国警察干预家庭暴力的实验方案可以结合社会学上标签理论、个别威慑理论的论证进行设计。

The control system for domestic violence includes private control,local control and public control.When private control and local control fail,the police,as a component of public control,should identify,interpose and intervene in domestic violence.However,police intervention in domestic violence naturally has internal and external obstacles,which are evident in social culture constraints,law enforcement cultural constraints,fuzzy application of domestic violence words in the process of police identification of domestic violence,as well as legal source constraints,efficiency constraints and conviction constraints in the process of police intervention in domestic violence.Based on the discretionary power of law enforcement,police intervention in domestic violence includes consultation,caution,mediation,warning,fine,administrative detention,summoning,isolating the parties,criminal custody,arrest and so on.Minneapolis domestic violence experiment,Milwaukee domestic violence experiment,family crisis model and other basic theories of domestic violence law enforcement and judicial intervention experiments are worthy of reference.The experimental scheme of police intervention in domestic violence in China can be designed in combination with the demonstration of sociological label theory and individual deterrence theory.