氢燃料电池极板 S 型流道结构的仿真优化

The Simulation and Optimization of the S-channel Structure of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Plate

极板的流场结构对氢燃料电池的性能具有重要影响。在大型氢燃料电池极板流场设计中,S型流道是一种常见的结构,具有传质扰动强、流动阻力适中、流量分配均匀的特点。本文采用FLUENT中的PEMFC模块建立了单流道燃料电池的多体仿真模型,研究了S型流道主要设计参数和S型流道对应方式对燃料电池性能的影响,并通过燃料电池的极化曲线进行了定量表征。结果表明,S型流道的弯曲度和拉伸度都会影响燃料电池的性能,此外,在组装单电池时,阴阳极S型流道的对应方式在高电流密度下也会影响电池性能,反对应方式的电流密度和功率密度均高于正对应方式。本文的研究结果对燃料电池极板流道设计具有一定的指导意义。

The flow field is of great importance to the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell(FC).During the design of flow fields of large hydrogen fuel cells,the S-shaped flow channel is a common structure,which was featured as strong mass transfer,moderate flow resistance,and uniform flow distribution.This paper established a multi-body simulation model of a single-channel fuel cell by the PEMFC module of FLUENT.The effects of the geometric parameters and the arrangement form of the S-shaped flow channel on the FC performance were studied,and further quantitatively characterized by the classical FC polarization curve.It was found that the degree of bending and stretching of the S-shaped flow channel could both affect the performance of the fuel cell.In addition,when the FC was assembled,the arrangement form of the anode and cathode flow channel could also affect the performance,especially under high current density.The current density and power density of the reversed arrangement are higher than those of the positive arrangement.The results in this paper might have certain directive significance for the flow field design of fuel cell plate.