基于实时评价和长期评估的公共建筑室内环境满意率评价模型

Evaluation Model of Indoor Environment Satisfaction of Public Buildings Based on Real-time and Long-term Assessment

建筑物的能源效率被认为是实现碳中和的1个关键重点,而建筑运行后室内环境运行调控消耗的能源占建筑物总能源使用的很大比例。虽然有许多学者提出了不同的方法来评价办公建筑室内环境质量(IEQ),但并没有1种合适的IEQ模型用于办公建筑室内环境的实时评价,为建筑运行提供指导建议。为解决该问题,本文通过文献总结、数据监测、问卷调查,提出了1种新的兼顾实时评价和长期评估的室内环境满意率评价模型,该模型首先将现有IEQ分项满意率经验公式和等级划分结合形成新的经验公式;然后采用线性回归法和重要性排序法得到新的主观权重,利用该权重反应IEQ分项对室内环境的影响程度和重要程度;最后本文将二者结合起来得到实时室内环境满意率评价指标RIEQ和长期建筑满意率评估指标BIEQ_(POE)。为验证模型的可行性,将其应用于某办公楼,得到全年典型日实时室内环境综合满意率评价指标变化图和建筑全年运行评估指标。结果显示,该模型可以很好的实时反映当前室内环境质量,并可用于长期评估,研究结果可为运行调控和长期评估提供指导意义。

Energy efficiency of public buildings is considered a key focus for carbon neutralization,however,the regulation and control of indoor environment after the building operation came into operation consumes a great amount of energy.Although many scholars have put forward different methods to evaluate the indoor environment quality(IEQ) of office buildings,there is no suitable IEQ model to evaluate the indoor environment of office buildings in real time and provide guidance for building operation.In order to solve this problem,by adopting literature summary,data monitoring and questionnaire survey,this paper proposes a new indoor environment satisfaction evaluation model considering both real-time and long-term evaluation.Firstly,the model combines the existing empirical formula of IEQ subitem satisfaction and grade division to form a new empirical formula,then obtains the new subjective weight via linear regression and importance ranking.Finally,the empirical formula and weight are combined to obtain the real-time indoor environment satisfaction evaluation index RIEQ and the long-term building satisfaction evaluation index BIEQ_(POE).In order to verify the feasibility of the model,this paper applies it to an office building to obtain the change map of real-time indoor environment comprehensive satisfaction rate evaluation index and the annual operation evaluation index of the building.The results show that the model can better reflect the current indoor environmental quality in real time and can be used for long-term evaluation.The research results can provide guiding significance for operation regulation and long-term evaluation.