非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变的神经保护及神经再生治疗策略

Neuroprotection and neuroregeneration treatment strategy in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变(NAION)是一类急性、无痛性视力下降及视野损害的疾病,迄今仍缺乏统一有效的治疗方法。近年来,神经保护及神经再生作为新的治疗策略备受关注,其通过抑制炎症反应、抑制细胞凋亡通路、促进轴突生长以及利用干细胞移植综合改善等多种方式避免视神经损伤进一步加重及建立新的神经回路。大量研究将这一治疗策略尝试应用至NAION患者或NAION动物模型中,取得了一定的疗效,但同时存在一定的局限性。本文就近年来针对NAION神经保护、神经再生策略的临床试验及动物实验进行综述,以期为NAION的治疗提供研究方向,以及为深入、优化试验的开展提供启示。

Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION)is a disease characterized by acute,painless visual acuity loss and visual field impairment,and there is still lack of unified and effective treatment.As new therapeutic strategies,neuroprotection and nerve regeneration have aroused wide public concern,which aim to prevent degeneration and death of neurons or establish a new neural circuit through inhibiting apoptosis pathway and inflammation,promoting axon growth and applying stem cells.Plenty of studies have applied the strategies to NAION patients or NAION animal models,which achieved certain success,but the limitations exist at the same time.For the sake of exploring practical therapies of NAION,researches on the neuroprotection and nerve regeneration strategies of NAION in recent years were reviewed in this article.