基于局部阴影遮挡下的光伏组件效率提升优化控制技术及实验分析

Optimal Control Technology and Experimental Analysis of Photovoltaic Module Efficiency Improvement Based on Partial Shadow Shading

光伏组件在实际应用中,由于光线受到云朵或建筑物的遮挡,会出现局部阴影进而造成效率降低的情况。由于局部阴影遮挡属于不可控因素,因此在有阴影遮挡的情况下提高光伏组件效率尤为重要。首先介绍了局部阴影遮挡下光伏组件的输出特性,随后提出了一种基于双向Cuk变换器的光伏组件效率提升控制系统,并对变换器的工作原理和控制器的设计内容展开了简要分析。最后从硬件电路和软件程序两方面设计了光伏组件效率提升控制系统,并在Matlab平台上开展了局部阴影遮挡的光伏组件效率提升仿真实验。实验结果表明,使用该控制系统后,光伏组件最大功率输出达到了43.4W,相比于优化前效率提高了10%,系统应用效果明显。

In practical applications of photovoltaic modules,due to the occlusion of light by clouds or buildings,local shadows will occur,resulting in reduced efficiency.Since local shadow occlusion is an uncontrollable factor,it is particularly important to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic modules under the condition of shadow occlusion.This paper firstly introduces the output characteristics of photovoltaic modules under partial shadow shading,and then proposes a photovoltaic module efficiency improvement control system based on bidirectional Cuk converter,and briefly analyzes the working principle of the converter and the design content of the controller.Finally,a photovoltaic module efficiency improvement control system is designed from two aspects of hardware circuit and software program,and a simulation experiment of photovoltaic module efficiency improvement with partial shadow shading is carried out on the Matlab platform.The experimental results show that after using the control system,the maximum power output of photovoltaic modules reaches 43.4W,which is 10%higher than that before optimization,and the system application effect is obvious.