2019—2020年上海市宝山区某医院急性呼吸道感染病例特征分析

Characteristics of acute respiratory tract infection cases in a hospital in Baoshan district of Shanghai,2019-2020

目的探讨上海市宝山区某医院2019—2020年呼吸道感染病例特征分布。方法选取上海市宝山区某医院2019—2020年34738例急性呼吸道感染病例,采用间接免疫荧光法检测病例8种病原体(肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、柯萨奇病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒)IgM抗体,并分析其流行特征。结果34738例急性呼吸道感染病例中,8种病原体IgM抗体阳性检出共6331例(18.22%),其中门诊检出率高于住院(20.14%VS 15.61%,P<0.05),2020年检出率高于2019年(20.75%VS 14.59%,P<0.05);8种病原体中腺病毒(5.27%)、肺炎支原体(3.25%)和呼吸道合胞病毒(3.08%)是优势病原体;18~65岁8种病原体总检出率最高,各年龄组间不同病原检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腺病毒全年流行,而甲、乙型流感染好发于冬季和春季。结论上海市宝山区某医院2019—2020年呼吸道感染病例8种病原体总体检出率较高,门诊高于住院,病原分布呈现年龄和季节差异性。

Objective To investigate the distribution of respiratory tract infection cases in a hospital in Baoshan district of Shanghai from 2019 to 2020.Methods A total of 34738 acute respiratory infection cases in a hospital from 2019 to 2020 in Baoshan district of Shanghai were selected.The IgM antibodies against 8 pathogens(Mycoplasma pneumoniae,Chlamydia pneumoniae,respiratory syncytial virus,adenovirus,coxsackievirus,influenza A virus,influenza B virus and parainfluenza virus)were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method.The epidemic characteristics were also analyzed.Results Among the 34738 cases of acute respiratory infections,6331 cases(18.22%)were positive for IgM antibodies against 8 pathogens.The detection rate among outpatients was higher than that among inpatients(20.14%VS 15.61%,P<0.05).Among the 8 pathogens,adenovirus(5.27%),Mycoplasma pneumoniae(3.25%)and respiratory syncytial virus(3.08%)were the predominant pathogens.The overall detection rate of 8 pathogens was the highest in the 18-65 years old group.The differences in the detection rates of different pathogens among different age groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Adenoviruses were prevalent throughout the year,while influenza A and B viruses infections were more common in winter and spring.Conclusions The overall detection rate of 8 pathogens in patients with respiratory tract infection in a hospital in Baoshan district of Shanghai from 2019 to 2020 was relatively high.The detection rate among outpatients was higher than that among inpatients.The distribution of pathogens showed differences in age and seasonality.