弹性金属密封环力学特性与泄漏特性数值研究

Numerical Investigation on Mechanical and Leakage Characteristics of Elastic Metallic Sealing Ring

弹性金属密封环的力学特性及泄漏特性对其工作性能有着重要影响。以径向压缩的弹性金属密封环为研究对象,推导弹性金属密封环泄漏量理论公式,建立弹性金属密封环力学特性求解模型,分析压缩量、进出口压差及温度等工况参数对弹性金属密封环的力学特性及泄漏特性影响规律。研究结果表明:在压缩工况及压缩加压工况下,弹性金属密封环的最大变形区域及最大应力区域均位于外径边缘,且变形量和应力值均沿外径边缘向过渡圆方向逐渐减小;在压缩加压加温的工况下,最大变形区域位于其外径中部位置,最大应力区域位于外径边缘处;径向压紧力、径向刚度与压缩量、进出口压差和温度均呈正相关关系,其中温度对径向刚度的影响更大;弹性金属密封与法兰的轴向接触宽度与压缩量、进出口压差和温度呈正相关关系,泄漏量与压缩量和温度呈负相关关系,与进出口压差呈正相关关系,而进出口压差对泄漏特性的影响更大。

The mechanical characteristics and leakage characteristics of elastic metallic sealing ring have an important influence on its working performance.Taking the elastic metal seal ring under radial compression as the research object,the theoretical formula of leakage of elastic metal seal ring was deduced.A solution model for mechanical characteristics of elastic metallic sealing ring was established,and the influence of compression amount,inlet and outlet pressure difference and temperature on mechanical properties and leakage characteristics of elastic metallic sealing ring was analyzed.The results show that the maximum deformation area and maximum stress area of elastic metallic sealing ring are located at the outer diameter edge under the compression condition and the compression and pressurization condition,and the deformation amount and stress value gradually decrease along the outer diameter edge towards the transition circle.Under the working condition of compression,pressurization and heating,the maximum deformation area of elastic metallic sealing ring is located in the middle of its outer diameter,and the maximum stress area is located at the edge of its outer diameter.The radial compression force and radial stiffness have a positive correlation with compression amount,inlet and outlet pressure difference and temperature,and the temperature has a greater influence on the radial stiffness.The axial contact width between elastic metallic sealing ring and flange is positively correlated with the working parameters such as compression amount,inlet and outlet pressure difference and temperature.There is a negative correlation between leakage and compression amount and temperature,and a positive correlation between leakage and inlet and outlet pressure difference.The inlet and outlet pressure difference has a greater impact on the leakage characteristics.