从上方山永慈寺碑刻看万历初年冯保宦官群体在京的佛事活动

Research on Buddhism Activities Held by the Eunuch Group Headed by Feng Bao During Early Years of Wanli Based on the Stone Inscriptions in Yongci Temple of Shangfang Mountain

北京上方山永慈寺遗址的永亨庵颁赐藏经碑与永慈寺护持碑记载了万历四年(1576年)、万历十四年孝定太后颁赐藏经的情况。结合乾清宫管事牌子碑,可知该寺兴建、颁赐藏经事件都与冯保为首的宦官群体有关。通过文献与三通碑刻,可知永慈寺与永亨庵是同一佛寺在不同时间段的两个寺名。《永慈寺护持碑记》中的四至界记反映了以僧侣法号注记四至的罕见现象。上方山永慈寺的兴起以及同时期冯保党羽在京兴寺活动,可以视为万历初年晚明佛教复兴的一例个案。

Two stone inscriptions in Yongci Temple,Shangfang Mountain,Beijing record that Empress Dowager Xiaoding deigned Tripitaka twice in the Wanli period.Combined with the Qianqing Palace Stewardship Tablet,it is clear that the temple construction and the granting of the Tripitaka were related to the eunuch group led by Feng Bao.Meanwhile,the mystery of the name of Yongci Temple and the four boundaries are unearthed from the the above stone inscriptions.The rise of Yongci Temple and the activities of Feng Bao’s party during the same period can be regarded as a case of Buddhist revival in the late Ming Dynasty.