城市群多模式交通网络结构韧性分析——以关中平原城市群为例

Structural resilience of multimodal transportation networks in urban agglomerations:A case study of the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration network

为分析城市群多模式交通网络应对攻击时的韧性变化特征,该文基于复杂网络理论和韧性城市理论,构建了考虑吸收能力、缓冲能力和可恢复能力3个维度的网络结构韧性评估模型,并通过空间向量模计算网络结构韧性值。基于关中平原城市群城际公路、铁路客运数据构建了城市群客运网络,并借助空间网络分析工具ArcGis和Ucinet探讨城市群多模式交通网络的拓扑特征;考虑节点位置及其与周边地区交通的联系,提出了基于节点重要度的典型节点选取方法。结果表明:典型节点受到攻击后,网络的缓冲能力都处于较低状态,尤其是蔡家坡站点失效后,网络缓冲能力下降到0.388 9;节点度大的站点失效后,网络恢复到正常状态的能力差;普铁站和高铁站失效后对网络结构韧性的影响远大于公路客运站;结合典型节点特征和模拟结果,可针对性地提出网络结构韧性提升建议。

The resilience of multimodal transportation networks in urban agglomerations to attacks was analyzed using a network structural resilience assessment model based on complex network theory and resilient city theory which considered the absorbing capacity, buffering ability and recovery ability of the networks. The network resilience was calculated by a space vector modulus. Data for road and railway passenger transport between cities in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration(GZP agglomeration) was used to construct the regional transportation network. The topological characteristics of the multimodal transportation network were then analyzed using the ArcGis and Ucinet tools. Each node’s geographical location and transport connections with the surrounding area were used to identify key nodes based on the node importance. Analyses of the effects of attacks on these key nodes in the multimodal transportation network showed that the network had poor buffering ability, especially after failure of the Caijiapo station when the buffer value decreased to 0.388 9. The system had very weak ability to return to the normal state after a site with a large node degree failed. Failures of the general railway station and the high-speed rail station had far greater impacts on the structural resilience than failure of the highway terminals. Analysis of the characteristics of the key nodes led to suggestions for improving the network structure resilience.