重视中国儿童严重过敏反应——执行中国儿童严重过敏反应急救行动计划

Concerns children with anaphylaxis in China: Implementing China Children′s Anaphylaxis Emergency Action Plan

近年来, 严重过敏反应发生率呈上升趋势, 儿童患者约占1/4, 存在诊断治疗上的不足。儿童严重过敏反应初始治疗药物以及肾上腺素的使用与指南存在较大的差距, 需要得到高度重视。严重过敏反应病例, 多数发生在医疗机构之外, 在数分钟至数小时内急性发作, 甚至危及生命, 需要快速识别和处理, 而且严重过敏反应有反复发作的风险, 需要长程管理。《中国儿童严重过敏反应急救行动计划》作为重要的管理工具, 是由医师为患儿制定的个体化急救方案, 指导患儿及其家长/照护者早期识别严重过敏反应的症状、体征, 及时采取急救措施, 必要时肌内注射肾上腺素, 并紧急就医。

The prevalence of anaphylaxis,which is underdiagnosed and undertreated,has been increasing recently.It was reported that about one fourth of anaphylaxis patients were children and there were some critical gaps in the initial treatment of anaphylaxis,including epinephrine use,when compared to the guidelines.Since most of anaphylaxis cases happen outside of medical institutions,and could recur unexpectedly,it is important for children with anaphylaxis to get long-term management.In order to improve management of anaphylaxis,a written China Children′s Anaphylaxis Emergency Action Plan(CCAEAP)is developed.It is a tool for children and parents/caregiver to recognize the symptoms and signs of anaphylaxis as early as possible and take proper action immediately,including using a predefined dose of intramuscular epinephrine and accessing to emergency department.