一种湖泊生态环境改善方案比选方法——以白洋淀为例

A method of screening ecological environment improvement scenarios for lakes:A case study of the Baiyangdian Lake, China

湖泊生态环境改善与恢复是系统工程,筛选科学合理的改善方案是湖泊治理的重要工作。本文面向湖泊生态环境整体改善要求,构建包括水动力、水质和生境三要素指标的生态环境改善方案比选指标体系,提出了基于TOPSIS决策的方案比选方法。以白洋淀为例,设定了“补水格局优化(S1)”、“深度治污(S2)”、“补水格局优化+适度治污(S3)”3套比选方案,开展了水动力和水质模拟,进行了方案比选。结果表明,3套方案对理想解的贴近度分别为0.35、0.55、0.84,S3方案为推荐方案,对水动力、水质、水生境改善效果最优。

The improvement and restoration of shallow lake ecological environments involves systems engineering. Screening the best scenarios is an important component of lake management. According to the overall improvement requirements of the lake ecological environment, an index system consisting of hydrodynamic, water quality, and aquatic habitat indicators was put forward and was further employed to screen the best scenarios based on the TOPSIS decision-making method. Taking the Baiyangdian Lake as an example, three scenarios of "water allocation optimization(S1)", "deep pollution control(S2)", and "water allocation optimization + moderate pollution control(S3)" were set up and simulated based on hydrodynamic and water quality simulation models. The screening results showed that the closeness of the three scenarios to the ideal solution were 0.35, 0.55, and 0.84 respectively. Among them, S3 was recommended as the best scenario, which has the best effect on the improvement of hydrodynamics, water quality, and aquatic habitat of the Baiyangdian Lake.