区域贸易协定的环境保护条款与外贸绿色发展转型

Environmental Clauses of Regional Trade Agreements and Green Development-Transformation of Foreign Trade

环境保护条款作为新一代贸易议题纳入区域贸易协定,已逐渐成为新型国际贸易谈判的重要内容。建立贸易协定环境条款影响成员国出口贸易的理论模型,量化优惠贸易协定环境条款异质性指数,从产品层面实证分析中国签署的贸易协定环境条款对出口贸易结构的影响,可对环境产品与污染密集型产品的二元边际进行探讨。结果表明,包含环境条款的贸易协定抑制了污染密集型产品的出口,促进了环境产品的出口。强制性环境条款对中国出口贸易结构有更显著改善作用,这种作用在向高收入国家的出口中尤为明显。环境条款对污染密集型产品出口的扩展边际和集约边际都有显著负面影响,而对环境产品出口的促进更多是通过集约边际来实现。

The inclusion of environmental protection clauses as a new generation of trade issues into regional trade agreements has gradually become an important part of the new type of international trade negotiations.This paper establishes the theoretical model of the impact of environmental clauses of trade agreements on the export trade of member countries,and quantifies the heterogeneity index of environmental clauses of preferential trade agreements.It then empirically analyze the impact of environmental clauses of trade agreements signed by China on the export trade structure from the product level,and discusses the binary margins of environmental products and pollution-intensive products.The results show that trade agreements containing environmental clauses inhibit the export of pollution-intensive products and promote the export of environmental products.Mandatory environmental clauses have a more significant impact on China’s export trade structure,particularly on exports to high-income countries.Environmental clauses have significant negative effects on the extension margin and intensive margin of pollution-intensive products export,and the promotion of environmental products export is mostly achieved through the intensive margin.